广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 156-171.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2025022805

• 生态环境科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

石灰土与红壤的原土和团聚体中微生物对养分限制的响应策略

李佩云1,2,3, 张苑3, 陈荣枢1,2,3, 胡馨月3, 徐海荧3, 吕利3, 梁建宏4,5, 朱婧1,2,3*   

  1. 1.广西生态脆弱区环境过程与修复重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西 桂林 541006;
    2.珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西 桂林 541006;
    3.广西师范大学 环境与资源学院,广西 桂林 541006;
    4.中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,广西 桂林 541004;
    5.自然资源部/广西壮族自治区岩溶动力学重点实验室(中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所),广西 桂林 541004
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-28 修回日期:2025-05-01 出版日期:2026-01-05 发布日期:2026-01-26
  • 通讯作者: 朱婧(1982—),女,广西桂林人,广西师范大学教授,博士。E-mail: zhuj@gxnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(41967005);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB22035004);广西生态脆弱区环境过程与修复重点实验室研究基金(EPRZR2024-05)

Response Strategies of Microorganisms to Nutrient Limitations in Bulk and Aggregates of Limestone and Red Soils

LI Peiyun1,2,3, ZHANG Yuan3, CHEN Rongshu1,2,3, HU Xinyue3, XU Haiying3, LÜ Li3, LIANG Jianhong4,5, ZHU Jing1,2,3*   

  1. 1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Remediation in Ecologically Fragile Regions (Guangxi Normal University), Guilin Guangxi 541006, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Protection of Rare and Endangered Animals and Plants, Ministry of Education (Guangxi Normal University), Guilin Guangxi 541006, China;
    3. College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin Guangxi 541006, China;
    4. Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin Guangxi 541004, China;
    5. Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics (Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences), Guilin Guangxi 541004, China
  • Received:2025-02-28 Revised:2025-05-01 Online:2026-01-05 Published:2026-01-26

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摘要： 土壤资源供给不平衡会导致微生物养分限制,不同类型土壤及团聚体中的微生物面临养分限制时采取的响应策略及其对土壤有机碳(SOC)含量的影响仍不清楚。本研究选取中国亚热带季风气候区次生林植被覆盖下的典型喀斯特中性石灰性土壤(LS)和酸性红壤(RS)作为对比,通过土壤原土及其团聚体的全量、可利用态、微生物生物量和胞外酶碳、氮、磷的计量比和微生物与资源的化学计量不平衡性等指标评价其养分限制特征,并分析不同土壤微生物养分限制的响应策略及其对土壤SOC的影响。结果表明,不同元素化学计量特征所反映的土壤微生物养分限制特征存在差异,其中可利用态和胞外酶计量比及其化学计量不平衡性决定了微生物的响应策略。总体上2种土壤均呈现氮和磷共限制,但相对而言RS的氮和磷限制更强;且其大、中团聚体中存在更强的氮和磷限制。在土壤可溶性有机碳(DOC)的驱动下,RS大、中团聚体中的微生物更多地提高其氮和磷利用效率(NUE和PUE),通过提高磷微生物熵(qMBP)、降低细胞内养分稳态的方式适应养分限制,该过程降低了碳利用效率(CUE);而LS则保持了较高的CUE。土壤SOC含量并未受化学计量不平衡性和微生物响应策略的影响,土壤理化性质(尤其是pH和钙含量)是SOC含量的关键驱动因素。本研究结果为中国亚热带森林生态系统管理和修复过程中土壤养分和碳库的调控提供理论依据。

关键词: 养分限制, 土壤有机碳, 化学计量, 养分利用效率, 微生物熵, 团聚体, 喀斯特

Abstract: Soil nutrient supply imbalance leads to nutrient limitation for microorganisms; however, the microbial response strategies employed in different types of soils and aggregates towards it, as well as the impact on soil organic carbon (SOC), remain unclear. This study selected typical karst neutral calcareous soil (LS) and acidic red soil (RS) under secondary forest vegetation coverage in the subtropical monsoon region of China for comparative analysis. Nutrient limitation characteristics were evaluated using indicators such as the stoichiometric ratios of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in total amounts, bioavailable fractions, microbial biomass and extracellular enzymes as well as the chemical stoichiometric imbalances between microbes and resources in soil and aggregates. Additionally, the response strategies of different soil microbial communities to nutrient limitation and their impacts on SOC were analyzed. The results indicated that different indicators reflected various nutrient limitation characteristics. Notably, the stoichiometric ratios of bioavailable fractions and extracellular enzymes, along with the chemical stoichiometric imbalances determined the microbial response strategies. Overall, both soil types exhibited co-limitation of N and P, with RS experiencing a comparatively stronger limitation of both elements and stronger N and P limitations were observed in its macro-and medium-aggregates. Driven by soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC), the macro-and medium-aggregates microorganisms tended to enhance their N and P utilization efficiency (NUE and PUE) by increasing microbial phosphorus entropy (qMBP) and lowering the intracellular nutrient homeostasis to adapt to nutrient limitations, a process that resulted in reduced carbon utilization efficiency (CUE). To the contrary, LS kept a higher CUE. The SOC content was not influenced by the chemical stoichiometric imbalance or the microbial response strategies; instead, soil physicochemical properties, particularly pH and calcium content, emerged as key driving factors for SOC levels. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for the management and restoration of soil nutrients and carbon pools in subtropical forest ecosystems in China.

Key words: nutrient limitation, soil organic carbon, chemical stoichiometry, nutrient utilization efficiency, microbial entropy, aggregates, karst

中图分类号:  S154.36

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