粉垄对木薯块根形成期土壤真菌群落多样性的影响

doi:10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2024113001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究以木薯品种华南205为材料,常规耕作为对照,粉垄耕作栽培木薯。运用高通量测序技术与生物信息学分析工具,同时结合土壤农化分析方法,研究粉垄对木薯块根形成期根际与非根际真菌群落多样性的影响,揭示其增产机制,为优化现有木薯栽培方法提供理论依据。结果表明:粉垄耕作显著提高木薯块根产量(干质量),达7.94±1.13 t/hm²,较常规耕作(4.93±0.73 t/hm²)增产61.1%(P＜0.01),表明粉垄耕作对木薯具有显著增产作用。粉垄耕作显著影响土壤真菌群落的α多样性及群落组成(P＜0.05)。木薯根际和非根际土壤的主要优势菌门均为子囊菌门、SAR超类群、担子菌门、毛菌门和壶菌门等,但相对丰度存在差异。真菌群落相对丰度与环境因子的相关分析和冗余分析结果显示,硝酸还原酶、脲酶及亚硝酸还原酶活性,速效钾、碱解氮、速效磷含量,过氧化氢酶活性,土壤pH值以及有机质含量对真菌群落变化具有显著影响(P＜0.05),对子囊菌门、担子菌门和SAR超类群的影响更为明显,其中,硝酸还原酶活性、速效钾含量、脲酶活性、碱解氮含量为主要影响因子。木薯粉垄耕作通过改善土壤耕层结构,使对真菌群落结构影响较大的环境因子发生改变,进而改变土壤真菌群落的α多样性和β多样性。

关键词: 木薯, 粉垄耕作, 土壤真菌, 群落多样性, 块根形成期, 高通量测序

Abstract: The study aims to investigate the effects of Fenlong tillage on the soil fungal community in the rhizosphere and bulk soils during the tuberous root formation period of cassava, and to reveal its yield-enhancing mechanism, providing theoretical basis for optimizing the existing cassava cultivation methods. Using South China 205 as the material, the conventional tillage as the control, the cultivation of cassava with Fenlong tillage, combined with high-throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics methods, combined with soil agrochemical analysis methods, the study investigated the impact of Fenlong tillage on the fungal community diversity in the rhizosphere and bulk soils during the period of cassava root tuber formation. The results showed that the dry weight yield of cassava tubers root was significantly increased by the powder tillage, reaching 7.94 ± 1.13 t/hm², which was 61.1% higher (P＜0.01) than that of the conventional tillage (4.93 ± 0.73 t/hm²), indicating that the Fenlong tillage had a significant yield-increasing effect on cassava. Fenlong tillage significantly affected the Alpha(α) diversity (P<0.05) and community composition of soil fungal communities. The dominant fungal phyla in the rhizosphere and bulk soils were ascomycetes, SAR hypergroup, basidiomycetes, mollispores, and chytrids, but there were differences in relative abundance. The correlation analysis and redundancy analysis results of the relative abundance of fungal communities and environmental factors showed that nitrase activity, available potassium content, urease activity, ammonium nitrogen content, nitrous oxide activity, catalase activity, soil pH value, organic matter content, and available phosphorus content had significant effects on the changes of fungal communities (P<0.05), with a more significant effect on the ascomycetes, basidiomycetes, and SAR hypergroup. Nitrase activity, available potassium content, urease activity, and ammonium nitrogen content were the main influencing factors. Cassava Fenlong tillage can change the environmental factors that had a greater impact on fungal community structure, such as nitrase activity, available potassium content, urease activity, alkali-soluble nitrogen nitrogen content, nitrous oxide enzyme activity, catalase enzyme activity, soil pH value, organic matter content, and available phosphorus content, thereby changing the Alpha (α) and Beta (β) diversity of soil fungal communities.

Key words: cassava, fenlong tillage, soil fungi, community diversity, tuberous root formation period, high-throughput sequencing

中图分类号: S533; Q948.12

黄显雯, 彭晓辉, 彭晓雪, 甘李, 李贵龙, 廖茜婷, 申章佑, 黄渝岚, 韦茂贵. 粉垄对木薯块根形成期土壤真菌群落多样性的影响[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2026, 44(1): 172-184.

HUANG Xianwen, PENG Xiaohui, PENG Xiaoxue, GAN Li, LI Guilong, LIAO Qianting, SHEN Zhangyou, HUANG Yulan, WEI Maogui. Effect of Fenlong Tillage on Soil Fungal Community Diversity During Tuberous Root Formation Period of Cassava[J]. Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2026, 44(1): 172-184.

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