广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 42-53.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2024122402

• 物理与电子工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

凹槽结构表面液滴弹跳行为研究

李好, 何冰*   

  1. 广西师范大学 计算机科学与工程学院,广西 桂林 541004
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-24 修回日期:2025-03-27 发布日期:2025-11-19
  • 通讯作者: 何冰(1975—),女,广西钟山人,广西师范大学副教授,博士。Email: hebing@gxnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(12272100,12062005,81860635);广西自然科学基金(2024JJA110085)

Droplet Rebound Behavior on Grooves Surface

LI Hao, HE Bing*   

  1. School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin Guangxi 541004, China
  • Received:2024-12-24 Revised:2025-03-27 Published:2025-11-19

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摘要： 对液滴弹跳的认识在喷墨打印、药物输运、微流控等技术领域中发挥着重大指导作用,因此受到人们的广泛关注。具有渐变间距的凹槽结构表面形成的润湿梯度使得撞击其上的液滴呈现复杂的不同方向的弹跳行为,数值模拟是研究该现象的有效方法。本文采用基于化学势模型的晶格Boltzmann方法,对液滴撞击相同间距和渐变间距的凹槽表面所产生的弹跳行为进行建模并对比分析,通过进一步分析液滴在弹跳过程中的接触角、接触线、受力、内部动量以及速度矢量的变化讨论导致反向弹跳的原因。结果表明,液滴在不对称凹槽上会产生一系列不对称形变,在韦伯数为42.4时,液滴完成铺展,收缩后趋向于亲水方向进行顺润湿梯度弹跳,而当液滴韦伯数增大到53时,浸入凹槽中液体更深且不对称性更为显著,导致右侧接触线扎钉,由此产生的迟滞力促使界面上的部分液滴收缩后重心向右迁移,最终导致液滴逆表面润湿梯度反弹。该研究可对设计操纵液滴运动的微结构表面具有指导作用。

关键词: 晶格Boltzmann方法, 数值模拟, 异构表面, 润湿性, 液滴弹跳

Abstract: The understanding of droplet bouncing behavior, which attracts widespread attention, has played a significant role in guiding technologies such as inkjet printing, drug delivery, and microfluidics. The wetting gradient formed by grooved surfaces with varying spacing causes droplets to exhibit complex bouncing behaviors in different directions. Numerical simulations are employed to study this phenomenon. In this work, the Lattice Boltzmann method based on the chemical potential model is used to model and to compare the bouncing behaviors of droplets impacting surfaces with both uniform and gradient-spaced grooves. The droplet’s contact angle, contact line, forces, internal momentum, and velocity vectors during the bouncing process are analyzed to investigate the causes of reverse bouncing. The results indicate that the droplet undergoes a series of asymmetric deformations on the asymmetric groove. When the Weber number of the droplet is 42.4, the droplet completes spreading and tends to bounce along the wettability gradient toward the hydrophilic direction after contraction. However, when the Weber number increases to 117.8, the liquid penetrates deeper into the groove, and the asymmetry becomes more pronounced. This leads to the pinning of the right contact line, and the resulting hysteresis force causes part of the droplet on the interface to contract and shift its center of mass to the right. Consequently, the droplet rebounds against the surface wetting gradient. This study provides insights for the design of microstructured surfaces that manipulate droplet motion.

Key words: lattice Boltzmann method, numerical simulation, heterogeneous surfaces, wettability, droplet bouncing

中图分类号:  O35

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