漓江流域古树资源特征及空间格局分析

doi:10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2024081902

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 探讨现存古树资源特征和空间分布格局对古树保育和全球生物多样性维持具有重要意义。本研究结合文献资料和实地调查数据,对漓江流域古树资源的种类组成、分布区类型、结构特征、生长状况及空间分布格局进行分析,探讨漓江流域古树的资源组成及空间分布现状。结果表明:漓江流域共分布有古树4 360株,隶属于40科91属124种,其中3种为国家I级野生重点保护植物,8种为国家II级野生重点保护植物。古树组成主要以三级古树为主(3 677株),占总株数的84.33%;古树整体生长状态良好,正常生长的古树占总株数的94.89%,仅发现3株死亡的古树。科和属的分布区类型分别以泛热带分布型和热带亚洲(印度-马来西亚)分布型为主,这与漓江流域的地理位置相吻合。相关性分析表明,古树的树高、胸围和冠幅3个变量间均存在极显著正相关(P<0.01)。漓江流域各县的古树个体数量和多样性指数存在较大差异,总体呈现出漓江流域中部地区古树分布较少而流域四周分布较多的特点。

关键词: 漓江流域, 古树, 结构特征, 物种多样性, 空间格局

Abstract: Exploring the characteristics and spatial distribution pattern of the existing ancient tree resources is of great significance for the conservation of ancient trees and the maintenance of global biodiversity. By combining literature and field survey data,this study firstly analyzed the species composition, distribution area types, structural characteristics, growth status characteristics, and spatial distribution pattern, then explored the composition and currents status of spatial pattern of ancient tree resources in the Lijiang River Basin. The results showed that there are a total of 4 360 ancient trees distributed in the Lijiang River Basin, belonging to 124 species in 82 genera of 40 families, of which 3 species are national first-level key protected plant wild and 8 species are national second-level key protected plant Wild. The composition of ancient trees is mainly composed of tertiary ancient trees, accounting for 84.33% of the total number of trees. The overall growth of the ancient trees was in good condition, and the normal growth of the ancient trees accounted for 94.89% of the total number of trees, and only 3 dead ancient trees were found. The distribution types of families and genera are mainly the Pantropic and the Tropical Asia (India-Malaysia), which is consistent with the geographical location of the Li River Basin. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the three variables of tree height, breast circumference and crown width of ancient trees (P<0.01). There are significant differences in the number and diversity index of ancient trees among counties in the Lijiang River Basin. In general, the distribution of ancient trees in the central part of the Lijiang River Basin is less, while the distribution of ancient trees around the basin is more.

Key words: Lijiang River Basin, ancient trees, structure characteristics, species diversity, spatial pattern

中图分类号: Q948.2

黄婉玲, 周灿, 陈心悦, 姚维, 汪国海, 周岐海. 漓江流域古树资源特征及空间格局分析[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2025, 43(4): 188-200.

HUANG Wanling, ZHOU Can, CHEN Xinyue, YAO Wei, WANG Guohai, ZHOU Qihai. Characteristics and Spatial Distribution Pattern of Ancient Tree Resources in Lijiang River Basin[J]. Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2025, 43(4): 188-200.

参考文献

[1] XU Z Z, XU Q, LIU K Y, et al. Evolvement of spatio-temporal pattern and driving forces analysis of ancient trees based on the geographically weighted regression model in Guangzhou and Foshan, China[J]. Forests, 2024, 15(8): 1353-1353. DOI: 10.3390/F15081353.
[2] 董锦熠, 胡军和, 金晨钟, 等. 我国古树资源的生存现状评估及威胁因素分析[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(10): 3707-3714. DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202110.037.
[3] LIU J J, LINDENMAYER D B, YANG W J, et al. Diversity and density patterns of large old trees in China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 655: 255-262. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.147.
[4] ROWLAND L, DA COSTA A C L, GALBRAITH D R, et al. Death from drought in tropical forests is triggered by hydraulics not carbon starvation[J]. Nature, 2015, 7580(528): 119-122. DOI: 10.1038/nature15539.
[5] LINDENMAYER D B, BLANCHARD W, BLAID D, et al. Environmental and human drivers influencing large old tree abundance in Australian wet forests[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2016, 372: 226-235. DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.04.017.
[6] 邱族周, 胡希军, 钱惠, 等. 新田县古树名木资源组成和空间分布特征分析[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2022,42(10): 46-56. DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2022.10.006.
[7] 朱婧, 时慧欣, 孙宏彦, 等. 对古树树龄测定方法的若干思考[J]. 中国园林, 2023, 39(1): 124-127. DOI: 10.19775/j.cla.2023.01.0124.
[8] 赵进红, 冯殿齐, 王玉山, 等. 银杏古树复壮技术[J]. 林业科技开发, 2013, 27(2): 109-111. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8101.2013.02.02.
[9] 关月仙. 太原市古树名木濒危原因及复壮技术[J]. 山西林业科技, 2024, 53(1): 55-56. DOI: 10.19989/j.cnki.1007-726X.20240117.
[10] WEI Y, WANG H, TSANG K F, et al. Proximity environmental feature based tree health assessment scheme using internet of things and machine learning algorithm[J]. Sensors, 2019, 19(14): 3115. DOI: 10.3390/s19143115.
[11] 马娇, 王清麒, 卿仕琦, 等. 侧柏古树后备资源健康评价体系的建立与应用[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2022, 37(2): 90-97. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-7461.2022.02.12.
[12] LAI P Y, JIM C Y, TANG G D, et al. Spatial differentiation of heritage trees in the rapidly-urbanizing city of Shenzhen, China[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2019, 181: 148-156. DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.09.017.
[13] ZHANG H, LAI P Y, JIM C Y. Species diversity and spatial pattern of old and precious trees in Macau[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2017, 162: 56-67. DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2017.02.002.
[14] 谭莹, 徐军, 林聪聪, 等. 基于层次分析法的浙江省古树名木资源综合价值评估研究[J]. 林业资源管理, 2023(4): 169-178. DOI: 10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2023.04.020.
[15] 江凡. 桂林漓江流域生态环境现状分析及修复治理研究[J]. 资源信息与工程, 2021, 36(5): 115-117. DOI: 10.19534/j.cnki.zyxxygc.2021.05.033.
[16] 董淑龙, 马姜明, 辛文杰, 等. 漓江流域森林景观格局时空变化特征及驱动因素[J]. 广西科学, 2023, 30(5): 972-992. DOI: 10.1365/j.cnki.gxkx.20231121.016.
[17] 樊千涛, 马姜明, 于名召, 等. 漓江流域喀斯特综合干扰评价及其空间特征[J]. 生态学报, 2024,44(4): 1404-1417. DOI: 10.20103/j.stxb.202301300146.
[18] 胡金龙, 周志翔, 滕明君, 等. 基于土地利用变化的典型喀斯特流域生态风险评估:以漓江流域为例[J]. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28(6): 2003-2012. DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201706.001.
[19] 魏雨涵, 钱建平, 范伟伟, 等. 基于RSEI的漓江流域生态环境质量动态监测[J]. 中国水土保持科学(中英文), 2021, 19(1): 122-131. DOI: 10.16843/j.sswc.2021.01.015.
[20] 张强, 郑洪, 艾训儒, 等. 湖北巴东古树名木资源现状分析及其空间布局评价[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2022, 50(11): 116-121, 125. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2022.11.029.
[21] 国家林业局. 古树名木普查技术规范: LY/T 2738-2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2017.
[22] 吴征镒. 周浙昆, 孙航, 等. 种子植物分布区类型及其起源和分化[M]. 昆明: 云南科技出版社, 2006.
[23] 中国科学院《中国自然地理》编辑委员全. 中国自然地理:植物地理:上册[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1983.
[24] 黄应锋, 孙冰, 廖绍波, 等. 深圳市古树资源特征与分布格局[J]. 植物资源与环境学报, 2015, 24(2): 104-111. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.16747895.2015.02.15.
[25] 刘大伟, 王宇健, 谢春平, 等. 安徽省一级古树的资源特征及影响因子分析[J]. 植物资源与环境学报, 2020, 29(1): 59-68. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7895.2020.01.08.
[26] 邢韶华, 崔国发, 林大影, 等. 北京山地植物物种多样性的垂直分布规律[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2010, 32(S1): 45-50. DOI: 10.13332/j.1000-1522.2010.s1.004.
[27] 饶倩, 陈思博, 余文波, 等. 陕西秦巴山区药用观赏植物的物种多样性和空间分布[J]. 中国野生植物资源, 2024,43(3): 124-132. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-9690.2024.03.018.
[28] 乔亚玲, 刘政鸿, 郝文芳, 等. 陕南秦巴山区药用植物群落物种多样性研究[J]. 植物科学学报, 2016, 34(2): 200-210. DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2016.20200.
[29] 杨舒敏, 李在留, 何家琪, 等. 广西大芦村古树资源及其文化特色探析[J].湖北农业科学, 2019, 5(3): 73-76. DOI: 10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.03.020.
[30] 陆彩虹, 鲁长虎. 南京中山植物园鸟类对香樟果实(种子)的取食[J]. 动物学杂志, 2019, 54(6): 784-792. DOI: 10.13859/j.cjz.201906002.
[31] 朱华. 云南植物区系的起源与演化[J]. 植物科学学报, 2018, 36(1): 32-37. DOI: 10.11931/PSJ.2095-0837.2018.10032.
[32] 刘群, 陈文红, 黄红, 等. 云南古林箐喀斯特森林大样地木本植物区系地理学研究[J]. 广西植物, 2024,44(10): 1947-1960. DOI: 10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202306044.
[33] 刘晓妍. 人类学视域下苗族神性“文化空间”的变迁研究:以西江千户苗寨为例[J]. 重庆文理学院学报(社会科学版), 2020, 39(4): 40-49. DOI: 10.19493/j.cnki.issn1673-8004.2020.04.005.
[34] THOMAS H. Senescence, ageing and death of the whole plant[J]. The New Phytologist, 2013, 197(3): 696-711. DOI: 10.1111/nph.12047.
[35] 陈傲雪, 曲晨晖, 牟村, 等. 湖南省沅水流域古树名木资源特征分析[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2023,43(4): 70-80. DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2023.04.008.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed