漓江流域土地石漠化空间分布及驱动因子分析

doi:10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2020052702

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土地石漠化是我国西南地区最严重的生态问题,威胁和制约着区域的可持续发展。以典型的岩溶地貌——漓江流域为研究区域,综合6个自然环境因子和3个社会环境因子,基于GIS手段和地理探测器方法,分析漓江流域土地石漠化空间分布及关键驱动因子。结果表明:漓江流域石漠化总面积为1 547.6 km²,占漓江流域土地总面积的8.9%,轻、中、重度石漠化占石漠化总面积比例依次是50.0%、34.2%、15.8%;在空间上,阳朔县、七星区石漠化分布最广,占各自行政区域土地总面积的比例均超过18%,漓江中下游地区明显比上游地区石漠化面积大;自然环境因子对石漠化的贡献量大于社会环境因子,各环境因子影响从大到小依次为岩性、地貌、NDVI(植被归一化指数)、高程、道路距离、人口密度、年均降水、坡度、GDP;岩性(0.34)和地貌(0.28)是石漠化的关键驱动因子,它们对石漠化的交互作用解释力达到了0.45。

关键词: 土地石漠化, 空间分析, 地理探测器, 漓江流域, 驱动因子

Abstract: Karst rocky desertification of land is the most serious ecological problem in Southwest China, which threatens and restricts the sustainable development of the region. Taking the typical karst landform-Lijiang River basin as the study area, combining 6 natural environmental factors with 3 social environmental factors, based on GIS method and geographical detector method, the spatial distribution and key driving factors of karst rocky desertification in Lijiang River basin were analyzed. The results show that the total area of karst rocky desertification in Lijiang River basin is 1 547.6 km², accounting for 8.9% of the total land area of the Lijiang River basin, and the proportion of light, medium and severe karst rocky desertification in the total area of karst rocky desertification is 50.0%, 34.2% and 15.8%, respectively. In terms of space, Yangshuo County and Qixing District have the most extensive karst rocky desertification distribution, accounting for more than 18% of the total land area of their respective administrative regions. The middle and lower reaches of the Lijiang River are significantly more karst rocky desertification than the upper reaches. The contribution of natural environmental factors to karst rocky desertification is greater than that of social environmental factors. The influences of environmental factors from large to small are lithology, geomorphology, NDVI, elevation, road distance, population density, average annual precipitation, slope, and GDP. Lithology (0.34) and geomorphology (0.28) are the key driving factors of karst rocky desertification, and their explanatory power for the interaction of karst rocky desertification reaches 0.45.

Key words: karst rocky desertification, spatial analysis, geographical detector, Lijiang River basin, driving factors

中图分类号:

X144

朱柏露, 杨奇勇, 谢运球, 邓艳, 唐梅蓉, 刘大存, 曾红春. 漓江流域土地石漠化空间分布及驱动因子分析[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2021, 39(3): 139-150.

ZHU Bailu, YANG Qiyong, XIE Yunqiu, DENG Yan, TANG Meirong, LIU Dacun, ZENG Hongchun. Spatial Distribution and Driving Factors of Karst Rocky Desertification in Lijiang River Basin[J]. Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2021, 39(3): 139-150.

参考文献

[1]王世杰. 喀斯特石漠化概念演绎及其科学内涵的探讨[J]. 中国岩溶, 2002, 21(2): 101-105.
[2]袁道先. 岩溶石漠化问题的全球视野和我国的治理对策与经验[J]. 草业科学, 2008, 25(9): 19-25.
[3]JIANG Z C, LIAN Y Q, QIN X Q. Rocky desertification in Southwest China: impacts, causes, and restoration[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2014, 132:1-12. DOI:10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.01.005.
[4]FEBLES-GONZÁLEZ J M, VEGA-CARREÑO M B, TOLÓN-BECERRA A, et al. Assessment of soil erosion in karst regions of Havana, Cuba[J]. Land Degradation & Development, 2012,23(5):465-474. DOI:10.1002/ldr.1089.
[5]韦复才, 时坚, 唐建生,等. 西南岩溶区生态退化研究[J]. 广西师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2006, 24(2): 101-105. DOI:10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2006.02.025.
[6]LEGRAND H E. Hydrological and ecological problems of karst regions: hydrological actions on limestone regions cause distinctive ecological problems[J]. Science, 1973, 179(4076):859-864.DOI:10.1126/science.179.4076.859.
[7]BÓGLI A. Karst hydrology and physical speleology[M]. Berlin:Springer,1980.
[8]李瑞玲, 王世杰, 周德全, 等. 贵州岩溶地区岩性与土地石漠化的相关分析[J]. 地理学报, 2003, 58(2): 314-320.
[9]石军南, 卢海燕, 唐代生, 等. 岩溶地区坡度与土地石漠化的空间相关性分析[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报,2012, 32(10): 84-88. DOI:10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2012.10.004.
[10]王明明, 王世杰, 白晓永, 等.典型小流域喀斯特石漠化演变特征及其关键表征因子与驱动因素[J]. 生态学报, 2019, 39(16): 6083-6097. DOI:10.5846/stxb201902170278.
[11]WU X Q, LIU H M, HUANG X L, et al. Human driving forces: analysis of rocky desertification in karst region in Guanling County, Guizhou Province[J]. Chinese Geographical Science, 2011, 21(5): 600-608. DOI:10.1007/s11769-011-0496-7.
[12]史迎春, 舒英格. 喀斯特石漠化时空变化特征及驱动因子分析:以贵州晴隆县为例[J]. 林业资源管理, 2017(1): 135-143,152. DOI:10.13466/j.cnki.lyzygl.2017.01.022.
[13]刘鹏, 张紫霞, 杨波, 等.基于信息熵与层次分析法的石漠化形成驱动因素分析[J]. 西南林业大学学报(自然科学), 2019, 39(5): 100-109. DOI:10.11929/j.swfu.201812035.
[14]许尔琪. 基于地理加权回归的石漠化影响因子分布研究[J]. 资源科学, 2017, 39(10): 1975-1988. DOI:10.18402/resci.2017.10.16.
[15]李佳洺, 陆大道, 徐成东, 等. 胡焕庸线两侧人口的空间分异性及其变化[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(1): 148-160. DOI:10.11821/dlxb201701012.
[16]湛东升, 张文忠, 余建辉, 等. 基于地理探测器的北京市居民宜居满意度影响机理[J]. 地理科学进展, 2015, 34(8): 966-975. DOI:10.18306/dlkxjz.2015.08.004.
[17]LIAO Y L, ZHANG Y, HE L, et al.Temporal and spatial analysis of neural tube defects and detection of geographical factors in Shanxi Province, China[J]. PLOS ONE, 2016, 11(4):e0150332.
[18]XU E Q, ZHANG H Q. Characterization and interaction of driving factors in karst rocky desertification: a case study from Changshun, China[J]. Solid Earth, 2014, 5(2):1329-1340. DOI:10.5194/se-5-1329-2014.
[19]王欢, 高江波, 候文娟. 基于地理探测器的喀斯特不同地貌形态类型区土壤侵蚀定量归因[J]. 地理学报, 2018, 73(9): 1674-1686. DOI:10.11821/dlxb201809005.
[20]王正雄, 蒋勇军, 张远嘱, 等. 基于GIS与地理探测器的岩溶槽谷石漠化空间分布及驱动因素分析[J]. 地理学报, 2019, 74(5): 1025-1039. DOI:10.11821/dlxb201905014.
[21]于佳, 刘吉平. 基于地理探测器的东北地区气温变化影响因素定量分析[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2015, 54(19): 4682-4687. DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.19.007.
[22]张军, 董洁, 梁青芳, 等.宝鸡市区土壤重金属污染影响因子探测及其源解析[J]. 环境科学, 2019, 40(8): 3774-3784. DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.201811114.
[23]王劲峰, 徐成东. 地理探测器: 原理与展望[J]. 地理学报, 2017, 72(1): 116-134. DOI:10.11821/dlxb201701010.
[24]蔡德所, 马祖陆. 漓江流域的主要生态环境问题研究[J]. 广西师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2008,26(1):110-112. DOI:10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2008.01.018.
[25]童立强. 西南岩溶石山地区石漠化信息自动提取技术研究[J]. 国土资源遥感, 2003(4): 35-38.
[26]YANG Q Y, JIANG Z C, MA Z L, et al. Relationship between karst rocky desertification and its distance to roadways in a typical karst area of Southwest China[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2013, 70(1):295-302. DOI:10.1007/s12665-012-2127-8.
[27]张信宝, 王世杰, 白晓永, 等. 贵州石漠化空间分布与喀斯特地貌、岩性、降水和人口密度的关系[J]. 地球与环境, 2013,41(1): 1-6. DOI:10.14050/j.cnki.1672-9250.2013.01.001.
[28]XU E Q, ZHANG H Q, LI M X. Mining spatial information to investigate the evolution of karst rocky desertification and its human driving forces in Changshun, China[J]. Sciences of the Total Environment, 2013, 458/460:419-426. DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.04.048.
[29]DENG X Z, HUANG J K, HUANG Q Q, et al. Do roads lead to grassland degradation or restoration? a case study in Inner Mongolia, China[J]. Environment and Development Economics, 2011, 16(6): 751-773. DOI:10.1017/S1355770 X11000180.
[30]蒲俊兵, 袁道先, 覃政教, 等. 我国西南岩溶区水环境问题[J]. 科学(上海), 2010, 62(2):32-36. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0368-6396.2010.02.010.
[31]李瑞玲. 贵州岩溶地区土地石漠化形成的自然背景及其空间地域分异[D]. 北京:中国科学院地球化学研究所, 2004.
[32]孙悦, 蔡湘文, 程洋, 等. 基于RS和GIS的岩溶石漠化与大气降雨关系:以贵州省典型岩溶石漠化地区为例[J]. 桂林理工大学学报, 2015, 35(4):834-838. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-9057.2015.04.023.
[33]谢坤坚, 卢远, 蔡卓杰, 等. 广西降雨侵蚀力时空变化分析[J]. 中国水土保持, 2016(12):50-53. DOI:10.14123/j.cnki.swcc.2016.0336.
[34]杨家祯, 杨云川, 杨淇淇, 等. 1951—2015年广西极端降雨时空演变特征[J]. 南水北调与水利科技(中英文),2020,18(5):84-93.
[35]YAN X, CAI Y L. Multi-scale anthropogenic driving forces of karst rocky desertification in Southwest China[J]. Land Degradation & Development, 2015, 26(2):193-200. DOI:10.1002/ldr.2209.
[36]谷晓平, 于飞, 刘云慧, 等. 降雨因子对喀斯特石漠化发生发展的影响研究[J]. 水土保持通报, 2011,31(3): 66-70. DOI:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2011.03.022.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed