广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 214-224.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2025051901

• 生态环境科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

锌锰铁改性生物炭去除废水中镉的性能及作用机制

段紫嫣1,2, 叶顺云1,2, 张俊渝1,2, 李安玉1,2*, 姜峰1,2, 苏铭1,2, 邓华1,2*   

  1. 1.广西生态脆弱区环境过程与修复重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西 桂林 541006;
    2.漓江流域绿色治理与低碳发展广西高校工程研究中心(广西师范大学),广西 桂林 541006
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-19 修回日期:2025-09-09 出版日期:2026-05-05 发布日期:2026-05-13
  • 通讯作者: 邓华(1977—),女,湖南祁阳人,广西师范大学教授,博士,E-mail: denghua@gxnu.edu.cn;李安玉(1994—),男,广西贺州人,广西师范大学讲师,博士,E-mail: lianyu@gxnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    广西重点研发计划(GKAB22035038)

Performance and Mechanism of Zinc-Manganese-Iron Modified Biochar in Removing Cadmium from Wastewater

DUAN Ziyan1,2, YE Shunyun1,2, ZHANG Junyu1,2, LI Anyu1,2*, SU Ming1,2, JIANG Feng1,2, DENG Hua1,2*   

  1. 1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Remediation in Ecologically Fragile Regions (Guangxi Normal University), Guilin Guangxi 541006, China;
    2. University Engineering Research Center of Green Remediation and Low Carbon Development for Lijiang River Basin (Guangxi Normal University), Guilin Guangxi 541006, China
  • Received:2025-05-19 Revised:2025-09-09 Online:2026-05-05 Published:2026-05-13

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摘要： 以柚子皮为原料,利用锌锰铁浸渍改性制备柚皮生物炭(ZMF@BC),探讨生物炭在不同条件下对废水中Cd(Ⅱ)的去除效果及作用机制。通过共存离子吸附竞争、吸附-解吸、批量吸附实验,红外光谱(FT-IR)和X-射线衍射分析(XRD)等对ZMF@BC的吸附性能和机理进行探讨。结果表明,pH 6.0时,由于离子竞争力减弱,生物炭对Cd(Ⅱ)有较好吸附效果。水中常见共存离子对Cd(Ⅱ)的竞争吸附影响从大到小顺序为:Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+、K+。ZMF@BC对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附符合Langmuir模型和准二级动力学模型,属于单分子层化学吸附,最大吸附量为32.3 mg/g;热力学结果显示吸附为自发过程;经5次吸附-解吸后,仍能保持起始吸附量的85.1%。ZMF@BC可利用表面金属氧化物中的Zn、Fe和Mn以离子交换形式吸附Cd(Ⅱ),也可通过铁氧化物特有的络合机制和静电吸附固定Cd(Ⅱ)。

关键词: 镉, 生物炭, 改性, 吸附, 机理, 废水

Abstract: Heavy metal pollution is widespread and increasingly severe, cadmium (Cd) in water is potentially toxic, and can be transferred and enriched into the human body through the food chain and other ways, endangering human health. Adsorption method has garnered significant attention in the treatment of heavy metal pollution, and different biomass materials can affect the adsorption effect of biochar on heavy metals in water to a certain extent. In this study, magnetic pomelo peel biochar (ZMF@BC) was prepared from agricultural waste pomelo peel as raw material via zinc-manganese-iron impregnation modification to investigate the removal effect and mechanism of biochar on Cd(Ⅱ) in water under different conditions. The adsorption performance of ZMF@BC on Cd(Ⅱ) was analyzed by coexisting ion competition adsorption, adsorption-desorption, etc. The adsorption mechanism was also explored using batch adsorption experiments, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD). The results showed that at pH 6.0, the biochar adsorbed Cd(Ⅱ) with a maximum adsorption capacity of 26.3 mg/g due to the reduced ionic competitiveness, and the competitive adsorption of Cd(Ⅱ) by common cations coexisting in the water was in the following order: Na+> Mg2+> Ca2+> K+. The adsorption of Cd(Ⅱ) by ZMF@BC was in accordance with Langmuir and quasi-secondary kinetic models, suggesting monolayer chemical adsorption. The thermodynamic results showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous, and the adsorption-desorption could maintain 85.1% of the initial adsorption amount after five adsorption-desorption cycles. ZMF@BC can absorb Cd(Ⅱ) through ion exchange by using the Zn, Fe, and Mn in the metal oxides on its surface, and also be immobilized through the complexation mechanism specific to the iron oxides.

Key words: cadmium, biochar, modified, adsorption, mechanism, wastewater

中图分类号:  X703

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[2] 李钰慧, 陈泽柠, 黄中豪, 周岐海. 广西弄岗熊猴的雨季活动时间分配[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 36(3): 80 -86 .
[3] 庄枫红, 马姜明, 张雅君, 苏静, 于方明. 中华水韭对不同光照条件的生理生态响应[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 36(3): 93 -100 .
[4] 韦宏金, 周喜乐, 金冬梅, 严岳鸿. 湖南蕨类植物增补[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 36(3): 101 -106 .
[5] 包金萍, 郑连斌, 宇克莉, 宋雪, 田金源, 董文静. 大凉山彝族成人皮褶厚度特征[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 36(3): 107 -112 .
[6] 林永生, 裴建国, 邹胜章, 杜毓超, 卢丽. 清江下游红层岩溶及其水化学特征[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 36(3): 113 -120 .
[7] 张茹, 张蓓, 任鸿瑞. 山西轩岗矿区耕地流失时空特征及其影响因子研究[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 36(3): 121 -132 .
[8] 李贤江, 石淑芹, 蔡为民, 曹玉青. 基于CA-Markov模型的天津滨海新区土地利用变化模拟[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 36(3): 133 -143 .
[9] 王梦飞, 黄松. 广西西江经济带的城市旅游经济空间关联研究[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 36(3): 144 -150 .
[10] 刘国伦, 宋树祥, 岑明灿, 李桂琴, 谢丽娜. 带宽可调带阻滤波器的设计[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 36(3): 1 -8 .
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