广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2): 17-30.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2025031101

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

壳聚糖基吸附材料的制备及其吸附去除水中污染物的研究进展

王星宇, 郑浩楠, 刘肖, 崔世龙, 蔡进军*   

  1. 湘潭大学 化工学院,湖南 湘潭 411105
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-11 修回日期:2025-05-13 发布日期:2026-02-03
  • 通讯作者: 蔡进军(1987—),男,湖南常德人,湘潭大学教授,博导。 E-mail: caijj@xtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省自然科学基金(2023JJ30573)

Research Progress on Preparation of Chitosan-based Adsorbents andTheir Applications Towards Adsorptive Removal of Pollutants From Water

WANG Xingyu, ZHENG Haonan, LIU Xiao, CUI Shilong, CAI Jinjun*   

  1. School of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan Hunan 411105, China
  • Received:2025-03-11 Revised:2025-05-13 Published:2026-02-03

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摘要： 壳聚糖作为自然界唯一富含氨基且有阳离子聚电解质特性的多糖分子,在吸附处理水体污染物方面表现出较大潜力,但其稳定性受pH影响较大,有必要改性处理获得性能稳定的吸附材料。本文综述凝胶、复合物及其衍生氮掺杂炭等几种壳聚糖基吸附材料的制备方法及其对重金属离子和有机污染物去除研究进展,重点介绍影响吸附的主要因素与机理,同时指出壳聚糖基吸附材料面临的挑战并展望其未来发展方向。特别地,基于壳聚糖原位构筑氮掺杂炭不仅为壳聚糖类生物质资源的高值化利用提供一个方向,在吸附处理染料等有机污染物方面也有巨大潜力,有必要对壳聚糖基氮掺杂炭及其复合物在水处理领域进行深入研究。

关键词: 壳聚糖, 改性, 吸附剂, 重金属, 有机污染物, 吸附, 资源化利用

Abstract: Chitosan is the only amino-rich polysaccharide in nature that has characteristic of cationic polyelectrolyte, showing great attention in removing pollutants from water via adsorption. However, its stability is largely affected by solution pH, and it is necessary to accept modification to obtain stable adsorbents. This review summarized the synthesis of chitosan-based adsorbents i.e. hydrogel, composites and N-doped biochar, including their progress towards the removal of heavy metals and organic pollutants. The main factors in affecting removal ability and mechanisms were emphatically introduced, where challenges faced by chitosan-based adsorbents were also pointed out, associating with future direction. In particular, in-situ construction of N-doped biochar from chitosan not only provides a direction for high-value utilization of shell biomass, but has great potential in removing dye-based organic pollutants. It is necessary to do researches in-depth on chitosan-based N-doped biochar and composites in the field of water treatment.

Key words: chitosan, adsorbent, accept modification, heavy metals, organic pollutants, adsorption, resource utilization

中图分类号:  TQ127.11;TQ424;X703

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