Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition) ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 156-171.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2025022805

• Ecology and Environmental Science Research • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Response Strategies of Microorganisms to Nutrient Limitations in Bulk and Aggregates of Limestone and Red Soils

LI Peiyun1,2,3, ZHANG Yuan3, CHEN Rongshu1,2,3, HU Xinyue3, XU Haiying3, LÜ Li3, LIANG Jianhong4,5, ZHU Jing1,2,3*   

  1. 1. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Remediation in Ecologically Fragile Regions (Guangxi Normal University), Guilin Guangxi 541006, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Protection of Rare and Endangered Animals and Plants, Ministry of Education (Guangxi Normal University), Guilin Guangxi 541006, China;
    3. College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin Guangxi 541006, China;
    4. Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin Guangxi 541004, China;
    5. Ministry of Natural Resources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics (Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences), Guilin Guangxi 541004, China
  • Received:2025-02-28 Revised:2025-05-01 Online:2026-01-05 Published:2026-01-26

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3

Abstract: Soil nutrient supply imbalance leads to nutrient limitation for microorganisms; however, the microbial response strategies employed in different types of soils and aggregates towards it, as well as the impact on soil organic carbon (SOC), remain unclear. This study selected typical karst neutral calcareous soil (LS) and acidic red soil (RS) under secondary forest vegetation coverage in the subtropical monsoon region of China for comparative analysis. Nutrient limitation characteristics were evaluated using indicators such as the stoichiometric ratios of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in total amounts, bioavailable fractions, microbial biomass and extracellular enzymes as well as the chemical stoichiometric imbalances between microbes and resources in soil and aggregates. Additionally, the response strategies of different soil microbial communities to nutrient limitation and their impacts on SOC were analyzed. The results indicated that different indicators reflected various nutrient limitation characteristics. Notably, the stoichiometric ratios of bioavailable fractions and extracellular enzymes, along with the chemical stoichiometric imbalances determined the microbial response strategies. Overall, both soil types exhibited co-limitation of N and P, with RS experiencing a comparatively stronger limitation of both elements and stronger N and P limitations were observed in its macro-and medium-aggregates. Driven by soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC), the macro-and medium-aggregates microorganisms tended to enhance their N and P utilization efficiency (NUE and PUE) by increasing microbial phosphorus entropy (qMBP) and lowering the intracellular nutrient homeostasis to adapt to nutrient limitations, a process that resulted in reduced carbon utilization efficiency (CUE). To the contrary, LS kept a higher CUE. The SOC content was not influenced by the chemical stoichiometric imbalance or the microbial response strategies; instead, soil physicochemical properties, particularly pH and calcium content, emerged as key driving factors for SOC levels. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for the management and restoration of soil nutrients and carbon pools in subtropical forest ecosystems in China.

Key words: nutrient limitation, soil organic carbon, chemical stoichiometry, nutrient utilization efficiency, microbial entropy, aggregates, karst

CLC Number:  S154.36
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