广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2): 199-210.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2025022401

• 化学与材料科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

一株海鞘来源真菌Penicilliumsp.次级代谢产物及抗菌活性研究

贾辉1,2, 卢杏红1,2, 吕东艳1,2, 梁家萍1,2, 徐伟锋1,2*   

  1. 1.广西师范大学 化学与药学学院,广西 桂林 541004;
    2.省部共建药用资源化学与药物分子工程国家重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西 桂林 541004
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-24 修回日期:2025-05-21 发布日期:2026-02-03
  • 通讯作者: 徐伟锋(1988—),男,广西梧州人,广西师范大学副教授,博士。E-mail: xuweifeng_u@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    广西科技计划项目基地和人才专项(桂科AD22080008);药用资源化学与药物分子工程国家重点实验室资助项目(CMEMR2020-A)

Secondary Metabolites and Antifungal Activity ofAscidian-Derived Fungus Penicillium sp.

JIA Hui1,2, LU Xinghong1,2, LÜ Dongyan1,2, LIANG Jiaping1,2, XU Weifeng1,2*   

  1. 1. School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin Guangxi 541004, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Guangxi Normal University), Guilin Guangxi 541004, China
  • Received:2025-02-24 Revised:2025-05-21 Published:2026-02-03

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摘要： 本研究以海鞘来源青霉菌Penicillium sp. HQ2-12为研究对象,旨在探究其次级代谢产物的化学多样性及其抗柑橘砂皮病菌活性。实验采用质量分数0.9%海盐大米固体培养基对菌体进行发酵培养,并综合运用正相、反相柱层析及半制备高效液相色谱等技术对其次级代谢产物进行分离、提取和纯化。通过核磁共振波谱(NMR)和质谱(MS)对化合物结构进行鉴定,同时采用微量二倍稀释法评价其抗菌活性。共分离得到16个已知化合物,包括5个吲哚二萜类化合物(rhizovarin A(1)、rhizovarin B(2)、19-hydroxypenitrem A(3)、PC-M4(4)、10β-hydroxy-13-desoxypaxilline(5)),3个喹啉酮类化合物(viridicatol(6)、3-hydroxy-4-phenylquinolin-2(1H)-one(7)、aflaquinolone F(8)),7个苯二氮-类化合物(arctosin(9)、cyclopenin(10)、(3S)-1,4-benzodiazepine 2,5-dione(11)、(Z)-3-benzylidene-4-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-benzo[e][1,4]diazepine-2,5-dione(12)、7-methoxycyclopenin(13)、7-methoxycyclopeptin(14)、7-methoxydehydrocyclopeptin(15))和1个甾醇类化合物(ergosterol(16)),其中化合物1、2和8为首次从青霉菌中分离得到。抗菌活性测试结果显示,化合物1～3对柑橘砂皮病菌表现出良好的抑制活性,其MIC(最小抑制浓度)分别为64、32和64 mg/L,化合物6对多种细菌表现出显著抑制活性。本研究首次报道吲哚二萜类化合物具有抗柑橘砂皮病菌活性,其中化合物2显示较强的抗菌活性,具有潜在的开发研究价值。

关键词: 海鞘来源真菌, 次级代谢产物, 柑橘砂皮病菌, 抗真菌活性, 抗细菌活性

Abstract: In this study, the ascidian-derived fungus Penicillium sp. HQ2-12 was investigated to explore the chemical diversity of its secondary metabolites and their antifungal activity against Diaporthe citri. The fungus was cultured on the solid medium of 0.9% sea salt rice for fermentation. Comprehensive techniques, including normal-phase and reverse-phase column chromatography, as well as semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), were employed for the isolation, extraction, and purification of secondary metabolites. The structures of the compounds were elucidated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS). Antifungal activity was evaluated using the microdilution broth method. A total of 16 known compounds were isolated,including five indole diterpenoids, namely rhizovarin A (1)、rhizovarin B (2)、19-hydroxypenitrem A (3)、PC-M4 (4)、10β-hydroxy-13-desoxypaxilline (5), three quinoline derivatives, namely viridicatol (6)、3-hydroxy-4-phenylquinolin-2(1H)-one (7)、aflaquinolone F (8), seven benzodiazepines, namely arctosin (9)、cyclopenin (10)、(3S)-1,4-benzodiazepine 2,5-dione (11)、(Z)-3-benzylidene-4-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1H-benzo[e][1,4]diazepine-2,5-dione (12)、7-methoxycyclopenin (13)、7-methoxycyclopeptin (14)、7-methoxydehydrocyclopeptin (15), and one sterol, namely ergosterol (16).Notably, compounds 1, 2, and 8 represent the first reported isolates from the Penicillium genus. Antifungal activity assays revealed that compounds 1-3 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against D. citri, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 64, 32 and 64 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, compound 6 exhibited significant inhibitory activity against multiple bacterial strains. This study was the first to report the antifungal activity of indole-diterpenoid compounds against D. citri, with compound 2 demonstrating strong antimicrobial activity and potential for further development and research.

Key words: ascidian-derived fungi, secondary metabolites, Diaporthe citri, antifungal activity, antibacterial activity

中图分类号:  O629.9;TQ450

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