华南西部土壤Cd、Pb地球化学基线研究及评价

doi:10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2021032203

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在华南西部的右江河谷地区按照10 km×3 km的网度采集71个浅层土壤样品,分析测试样品中Cd和Pb的含量,应用累积频率法和分形分析方法分析计算其环境地球化学基线值,以此为评价标准对本地区浅层土壤的Cd、Pb污染进行评价。结果表明:2种分析计算方法所得到的环境地球化学基线值相差不大,其中Cd的基线上限相差10.3%,基线值相差9.4%,Pb的基线上限相差3.6%,基线值相差6.7%,说明2种方法的计算结果都合理,本文取2种方法的算术平均值作为其环境地球化学基线值,即Pb为25.44 mg/kg,Cd为0.304 mg/kg。Cd的单因子污染评价结果显示轻度污染占67.61%、中度污染占23.94%、重度污染占5.63%,Pb的单因子污染评价显示轻度污染占53.52%、中度污染占25.35%、重度污染占11.27%;内梅罗综合污染评价显示轻度污染占52.11%、中度污染占33.88%、重度污染占8.45%,显示出本区以轻度污染为主,中度污染次之,少数地区达到了重度污染,且中、重度污染区主要分布在研究区东南部和西北部,在中西部地区有一个中度污染点。大多数样品Cd和Pb的地累积指数小于1,说明本区Cd和Pb的累积效应不很明显,但在研究区的东南部Cd和Pb的地累积指数以及中北部Pb的地累积指数达到了中度污染水平。这些均说明研究区以东铝土资源开发和研究区中部火电厂的生产活动对该区Cd、Pb污染有较大的影响。

关键词: 环境地球化学基线, 分形分析, 污染评价, Cd, Pb, 右江河谷

Abstract: In Youjiang River basin, 71 shallow soil samples were collected according to the network density of 10 km×3 km, and the contents of Cd and Pb were analyzed and tested. Cumulative frequency method and fractal analysis method were used to analyze and calculate their environmental geochemical baseline values, so as to assess the Cd and Pb pollution of shallow soil in this area. The results showed that, there was not much difference between the environmental geochemical baseline obtained by the two methods, among which Cd had a difference of 10.3% in upper limit of baseline, 9.4% in baseline value, Pb had a difference of 3.6% in upper limit of baseline, 6.7% in baseline value, indicating that the calculation results of the two methods were reasonable. In this study, the arithmetic average of the two methods was taken as the environmental geochemical baseline values, that was, Pb was 25.44 mg/kg, and Cd was 0.304 mg/kg. The single factor pollution assessment results of Cd showed that the light pollution, intermediate pollution and heavy pollution accounted for 67.61%, 23.94% and 5.63%, respectively, while the single factor pollution assessment of Pb showed that the light pollution, intermediate pollution and heavy pollution accounted for 53.52%, 25.35% and 11.27%, respectively. Nemerow comprehensive pollution assessment showed that light pollution, intermediate polltuion and heavy pollution accounted for 52.11%, 33.88% and 8.45%, respectively. This showed that the pollution in this area was dominated by light pollution, followed by moderate pollution, only a small number of samples were severely polluted. Moderate and severe pollution areas were mainly distributed in the southeast and northwest of the study area, and there was a moderate pollution point in the central and western regions. The geoaccumulation index of Cd and Pb of most samples was less than 1, indicating that the accumulation effect of Cd and Pb in this area was not obvious. However, the geoaccumulation index of Cd and Pb in the southeastern part of the study area and the north-central part of the study area reached the level of moderate pollution. All these indicated that the development of bauxite resources in the east area and the production activities of the thermal power plant in the middle area had a great impact on the pollution of Cd and Pb in the area.

Key words: environmental geochemical baseline, fractal analysis, pollution assessment, Cd, Pb, Youjiang River basin

中图分类号:

毛政利, 赵华美. 华南西部土壤Cd、Pb地球化学基线研究及评价[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 40(2): 170-181.

MAO Zhengli, ZHAO Huamei. Study on Geochemical Baseline and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals Cd and Pb in Soil of Western South China[J]. Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2022, 40(2): 170-181.

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