一套适用于评价漓江水质的底栖动物多样性指数

doi:10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2023080902

广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (4): 172-185.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2023080902

一套适用于评价漓江水质的底栖动物多样性指数

杨海菊¹, 韦锋¹, 陈嘉美^2,3,4, 陈蓓^1,5*, 李方¹, 杜丽娜^2,3,4*, 韩雪蓉¹

1.广西壮族自治区生态环境监测中心,广西南宁 530022;
2.珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西桂林 541006;
3.广西珍稀濒危动物生态学重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西桂林 541006;
4.广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林 541006;
5.广西新污染物监测预警与环境健康评估重点实验室, 广西南宁 530022

收稿日期:2023-08-09 修回日期:2023-10-14 出版日期:2024-07-25 发布日期:2024-09-05
通讯作者: 陈蓓(1973—),女,广西贵港人,广西壮族自治区生态环境监测中心教授级工程师。E-mail:chenbei@163.com;杜丽娜(1981—),女,吉林辽源人,广西师范大学副教授, 博士。E-mail:dulina@gxnu.edu.cn
基金资助:
广西科技计划项目(桂科AB21196063)

Development of Biotic Index Based on Macroinvertebrates to Assess the River’s Health in Lijiang

YANG Haiju¹, WEI Feng¹, CHEN Jiamei^2,3,4, CHEN Bei^1,5*, LI Fang¹, DU Lina^2,3,4*, HAN Xuerong¹

1. Environmental Monitoring Center Station, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Ecological Environment Bureau, Nanning Guangxi 530022, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin Guangxi 541006, China;
3. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rare and Endangered Animal Ecology (Guangxi Normal University), Guilin Guangxi 541006, China;
4. College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin Guangxi 541006, China;
5. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Emerging Contaminants Monitoring and Early Warning and Environmental Health Assessment, Nanning Guangxi 530022, China

Received:2023-08-09 Revised:2023-10-14 Online:2024-07-25 Published:2024-09-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 漓江是全球15条最美河流之一,孕育着较高的水生生物多样性。本研究构建一套适用于漓江的底栖动物多样性指数,并利用该指数对漓江生态健康状况进行评价,旨在为漓江水生态保护提供重要基础支撑。利用2021—2022年漓江底栖动物物种数和水环境数据,采用主成分分析方法研究水环境化学参数与底栖动物物种间的相关性,提出一套基于底栖动物属级分类水平的漓江BI指数(LJBI指数)。以25%分位数、50%分位数和75%分位数为分割点,将LJBI指数值分为4个等级,分别代表漓江水环境的优秀、良好、中等和一般。研究结果显示,在漓江分布的底栖动物以中度污染耐受物种为主,而适应于水质较为清洁的物种,例如孔龙虱属、宽肩蝽属、细䗓属等仅分布于上游溪流中,因此对于上游及支流溪流的保护尤其重要。从水环境健康来看,漓江上游水生态状况较好,例如青狮潭、高寨、华江乡等采样点被评价为优秀;漓江下游受人类活动影响,水生态相对变化较大,例如净瓶山段受修桥影响,水体浑浊,LJBI指数评价该采样点的水生态为一般。将该指数与其他常用底栖动物多样性指数比较,其优点体现在:①不受物种个体数量的影响;②对于使用者来说,操作简单、计算方便,能够较快得出结论;③便于在漓江流域推广和科普宣传,有利于调动全员参与漓江生态保护。

关键词: 水生态健康评价, 底栖动物, 漓江, 多样性指数

Abstract: The Lijiang River is one of the 15 most beautiful rivers in the world, with high aquatic biodiversity. However, the water quality has been affected due to the rapid economic development. This study aims to develop a biotic index based on macroinvertebrates and to evaluate the ecological health status of the Lijiang River. Based on the identification of macroinvertebrates and water physicochemical data from 26 monitoring sites in Guilin from August, November 2021 to August 2022, a complete set of water quality evaluation index was constructed to scientifically evaluate the water quality of Lijiang River. The Lijiang Zoobenthic Biotic Index (LJBI) proposed in this study analyzed the physicochemical values of water quality at monitoring points using the principal component analysis method and was associated with the distribution of macroinvertebrates. The LJBI values were divided into four level by 25%, 50%, and 75% quantiles, representing the health, sub-health, average and poor, respectively. This index divided the Lijiang River water quality health into four levels: excellent, good, medium, and general. The result showed that most of the macroinvertebrates distributed in the Lijiang River were moderately pollution-tolerant species, while the species adapted to clean water quality, such as Nebrioporus spp., Microvelia spp., and Aciagrion spp. were only distributed in the upstream. Therefore, it was important to protect the upstream and tributary streams. Based on the classification level of the genus, certain sensitive values were assigned to each genus, and the health status of water quality in the Lijiang River was assessed according to the average value of sensitive values at each monitoring point. The results showed that the water quality in the upper reaches of the Lijiang River was good, for example Qingshitan, Gaozai, and Huajiang sample sites were evaluated as excellent, but the water quality in the lower reaches of the Lijiang River was badly affected by human activities, such as the water body of Jingpingshan sample site was cloudy due to the influence of bridge construction, and the water ecology of this site was evaluated as general by LJBI. The benefits of LJBI contain: (1) It remains unaffected by the quantity of individual species; (2) For the users, is is simple in operation, convenience in calculation, and quick in conclusions; (3) It is convenient to promote the popularization of scientific knowledge of ecological health status of water quality within the Lijiang River basin.

Key words: water quality assessment, macroinvertebrate, Lijiang River, biotic index

中图分类号: Q958.8

杨海菊, 韦锋, 陈嘉美, 陈蓓, 李方, 杜丽娜, 韩雪蓉. 一套适用于评价漓江水质的底栖动物多样性指数[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2024, 42(4): 172-185.

YANG Haiju, WEI Feng, CHEN Jiamei, CHEN Bei, LI Fang, DU Lina, HAN Xuerong. Development of Biotic Index Based on Macroinvertebrates to Assess the River’s Health in Lijiang[J]. Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2024, 42(4): 172-185.

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一套适用于评价漓江水质的底栖动物多样性指数

Development of Biotic Index Based on Macroinvertebrates to Assess the River’s Health in Lijiang

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