广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2023, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 231-242.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2022102403

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

不同水分条件下施用调理剂对土壤铅镉的钝化效应

王琳清1,2,3, 鄢韬4, 陈永坚4, 李富荣2*, 王旭2, 李文英3, 杜瑞英2, 杨秀丽2   

  1. 1.仲恺农业工程学院资源与环境学院,广东广州 510225;
    2.广东省农业科学院农业质量标准与监测技术研究所,广东广州 510640;
    3.广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,广东广州 510640;
    4.广东农科监测科技有限公司,广东广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-24 修回日期:2022-12-07 出版日期:2023-07-25 发布日期:2023-09-06
  • 通讯作者: 李富荣(1984—),女,湖北仙桃人,广东省农业科学院副研究员,博士。E-mail:lifr0314@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划食品安全关键技术研发专项(2019YFC1605602);广州市基础研究计划基础与应用基础研究项目(202102080370);广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA20161002-1);粤桂科技合作基础与应用基础研究联合基金(2021JJYGD150048);清远市科技计划项目(2021SJXM034)

Passivation Effect of Soil Conditioner on Soil Lead and Cadmium under Different Water Conditions

WANG Linqing1,2,3, YAN Tao4, CHEN Yongjian4, LI Furong2*, WANG Xu2, LI Wenying3, DU Ruiying2, YANG Xiuli2   

  1. 1. College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou Guangdong 510225, China;
    2. Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou Guangdong 501640, China;
    3. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou Guangdong 510640, China;
    4. Guangdong Agricultural Monitoring Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Guangdong 510640, China
  • Received:2022-10-24 Revised:2022-12-07 Online:2023-07-25 Published:2023-09-06

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摘要： 为结合农艺措施和土壤调理剂改善农田土壤重金属污染状况并提高耕地安全利用率,本研究以南方典型菜地土壤为研究对象,通过30 d和60 d的土壤培养实验,研究不同水分条件(75%土壤饱和持水量、淹水)下施用土壤调理剂(生物炭和果胶)对土壤理化特性和重金属铅镉的钝化效应差异。研究发现,淹水条件较75%饱和持水量条件下的pH值更高而重金属有效态含量更低;在2种水分条件下施用生物炭和果胶均能提高土壤pH值和有机质含量,但对土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾的影响因水分条件不同而表现不同。75%饱和持水量条件下,施用生物炭和果胶均能明显降低土壤有效态镉含量,且其含量随2种调理剂施用量增加而降低。而淹水条件下,不同生物炭施用量下配施果胶对土壤有效态铅含量影响规律不一致,但土壤培养60 d比30 d的钝化效果更好。多因素方差分析结果显示,土壤调理剂种类较培养时间和水分等因素对土壤理化性质和重金属铅镉有效态影响更明显。因此,面对耕地资源日益紧缺和改善耕地土壤质量的需求更加迫切的现状,在中轻度重金属污染农田土壤中,通过合适的水分管理和不同栽培模式的调整,并结合适宜的土壤调理剂有望降低土壤重金属的有效性,实现耕地的安全利用。

关键词: 重金属, 土壤调理剂, 水分管理, 生物炭, 钝化效应

Abstract: To ameliorate heavy metal pollution and improve safe utilization rate of farmland by combining agricultural measures and soil conditioners, this research explored the effects of soil conditioners (biochar and pectin) on soil physical and chemical properties and the passivation of heavy metals Pb and Cd under different water conditions (75% soil saturation moisture capacity and waterlogged condition). The typical vegetable soil in South China was chosen as the research subject with a soil culture experiment for 30 and 60 days. The results showed that the pH values were higher and the available heavy metal contents were lower under waterlogged condition than under 75% soil saturation moisture capacity. The application of biochar and pectin could increase soil pH value and organic matter contents under both the two water conditions, while the effects on soil alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium contents were different due to different water conditions. Under 75% soil saturation moisture capacity, the application of biochar and pectin could significantly reduce the available Cd contents in soil, which were lower with the application amount of the two conditioners increasing. However, under the waterlogged condition, the effect of pectin on soil available lead content with different biochar application amounts was not consistent, but the passivation effect of soil culture for 60 days was better than that for 30 days. The multivariate analysis of variance indicated that, in general, the types and formulations of soil conditioners had greater impact on the soil physical and chemical properties and the available heavy metal contents than other factors, such as soil incubation time and water conditions. Therefore, for the increasing shortage of cultivated land resources and the more urgent need to improve the quality of cultivated land soil, it is an effective way to reduce the heavy metal availability in the moderately contaminated farmland soil and realize the full and safe utilization of cultivated land by appropriate water management, adjustment of different cultivation modes and appropriate soil conditioners.

Key words: heavy metal, soil conditioner, water management, biochar, passivation effect

中图分类号:  X53; Q89

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