广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 215-222.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2024120401

• 生态环境科学研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

柑橘皮渣固态发酵蛋白饲料菌株筛选及工艺优化

赖佳薇1, 廖茵伊1, 闫志英2, 姬高升2, 吕青阳2, 张露3, 宾石玉1,4*   

  1. 1.广西师范大学 生命科学学院,广西 桂林 541006;
    2.中国科学院 成都生物研究所,四川 成都 610213;
    3.成都大学 食品与生物工程学院, 四川 成都 610106;
    4.珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室(广西师范大学),广西 桂林 541006
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-04 修回日期:2025-02-05 发布日期:2025-11-19
  • 通讯作者: 宾石玉(1963—),男,广西全州人,广西师范大学教授,博士。E-mail: binsy@gxnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    广西科技计划项目(桂科AB23026022,桂科AB22035039);四川省科技计划项目(2022JDTD0027)

Strain Screening and Process Optimization of Solid-State Fermentation of Citrus Peel Residue for Protein Feed

LAI Jiawei1, LIAO Yinyi1, YAN Zhiying2, JI Gaosheng2, LÜ Qingyang2, ZHANG Lu3, BIN Shiyu1,4*   

  1. 1. College of Life Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin Guangxi 541006, China;
    2. Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu Sichuan 610213, China;
    3. College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu Sichuan 610106, China;
    4. Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin Guangxi 541006, China
  • Received:2024-12-04 Revised:2025-02-05 Published:2025-11-19

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摘要： 本文旨在研究柑橘皮渣固态发酵蛋白饲料菌株及最佳工艺。以柑橘皮渣为原料,采用羧甲基纤维素钠和果胶培养基对菌株进行分离,测定其纤维素酶和果胶酶活力,并通过形态学观察和分子生物学技术进行菌株鉴定,结果表明:筛选鉴定获得一株高产纤维素酶和果胶酶的黑曲霉Aspergillus niger HCR,其滤纸酶(FPase)、羧甲基纤维素钠酶(CMCase)和果胶酶活力分别为6.548 9 IU/mL、20.915 2 IU/mL和12 223.50 U/mL。采用黑曲霉Aspergillus niger HCR、米曲霉Aspergillus oryzae MQ、杰丁塞伯林德纳氏酵母Cyberlindnera Jadini 1769菌株,以发酵产物粗蛋白含量作为评价指标,通过单因素试验筛选柑橘皮渣发酵菌株最佳组合及接种比例。柑橘皮渣固态发酵最佳条件为:发酵基质柑橘皮渣与麸皮比例8∶2、黑曲霉HCR∶米曲霉MQ∶杰丁塞伯林德纳氏酵母1769按3∶3∶2比例接种、接种量10%、尿素含量1.5%、含水率60%、30 ℃发酵6 d。在此条件下,发酵产物粗蛋白为33.67%,比优化前提高72.75%,为柑橘皮渣固态发酵生产蛋白饲料提供了依据。

关键词: 柑橘皮渣, 固态发酵, 蛋白饲料, 纤维素酶, 果胶酶

Abstract: The experiment was to study the strain and the best process of solid-state fermentation of citrus peel residue for protein feed. Using citrus peel residue as raw material, strains were isolated by sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and pectin medium, and the cellulase activity and pectinase activity of the strains were determined, and identified by morphological observation and molecular biology techniques. The results showed that a high cellulase-producing and pectinase-producing strains of Aspergillus niger HCR was screened and identified, with the filter paperase (FPase) , carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) and pectinase activities reached 6.548 9 IU/mL, 20.915 2 IU/mL and 12 223.50 U/mL, respectively. Applying three strains of Aspergillus niger HCR, Aspergillus oryzae MQ and Cyberlindnera Jadini 1769 and using the crude protein content of citrus peel pomace fermentation product as the evaluation indexes, the optimal combination of citrus peel pomace fermentation strains and inoculation ratio were screened by a one-way experiment. The results showed that the optimal solid-state fermentation conditions were as follows: the ratio of fermentation substrate citrus peel pomace to bran was 8∶2, the ratio of Aspergillus niger HCR : Aspergillus oryzae MQ : Cyberlindnera jadinii 1769 inoculated at the ratio of 3∶3∶2, the amount of inoculum was 10%, the content of urea was 1.5%, the water content was 60%, and the time of fermentation was 6 d at 30 ℃. Under the conditions, the crude protein of the fermentation product was 33.67%, and 72.75%, higher than those before optimization. It provides a basis for the solid-state fermentation of citrus peel waste to produce protein feed.

Key words: citrus peel, solid-state fermentation, protein feed, cellulase, pectinase

中图分类号:  S816.4

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