When the average gap between fronts of vehicles is relatively narrow during a heavy trafic, the traditional histogram matching method based on directional gradient histogram (HOG), which is based on intercepting the whole vehicle, is difficult to obtain the accurate detection area and this method has higher omission rate and false detection rate. For improving the accuracy, a new method is proposed based on the characteristic value extracting from the partial HOG. The principles of this method are as follows: at first, mid-value filtering is applied for preprocessing graph sample;then a virtual detection line is drawn in the selected region of the sample graph and acts as the sources of the region of interest(ROI) that is used for extracting the partial HOG feature vectors of the gray level graphs; at last, support vector machines (SVM) are used to train the local HOG feature vectors, and the two states of vehicle within detection line and out of detection line are classified and counted.To overcome the noise problem existed in the output of SVM,the proposed method employs a strategy combining generating a detection alignments and dual confirmation module. To improve the delicacy, the variable that describes the shadow of the vehicle is added into our SVM model. Compared to the traditional method adopting HOG, based on the whole outline of the vehicles, the method proposed in this article has the advantages of high detection rate, good real-time performance and high sensitivity. Especially when the average gap between fronts of vehicles is relatively narrow during a heavy trafic our method is more efficient.

In order to investigate the impacts of driver’s self-determination characteristic on traffic flow, an extended self-stabilizing control driving car-following model is proposed by considering the driver’s continuous memory for vehicle velocity changes in real traffic. It is expected that the stability of traffic flow can be improved. The stability condition a>2V′(b)(1-λγ) of this model is obtained by using the linear stability analysis. Compared with the Bando’s optimal velocity (OV) model, it can be found that the critical value a_c of the sensitivity in the new model decreases and the stable region is apparently enlarged. The numerical simulation results show that the effect of driver’s continuous memory can obviously improve the stability of traffic flow, and effectively suppress the traffic jams.

According to the survey data of Nanning in 2014, electric bicycles are categorized using two-step cluster method to get accurate differentiation management quantitative decision of electric bicycles. A BNL mode is developed to describe people’s mode choice behaviors when electric bicycles and buses are accessible. And the SPSS 22.0 software is used to calibrate model parameters. Finally, the results are analyzed considering the actual situation in Nanning. The results show that electric bicycles is one of residents’ main travel modes when public transit system is not accessible or underdeveloped. When the service level of regular buses is improved exclusively, uncategorized models might exaggerate the increase in the sharing rate of public transit system. The categorized models could reflect the differentiations among different groups more effectively. The proposed method can provide more accurate quantitative decision support for exploring the differentiated management strategy of electric bicycles in Nanning.

The introduction of distributed power supply increases the complexity of the power grid, which causes some problems such as the stability and immunity of the power grid. In this paper, three types of distributed power plant connection strategies are proposed, and the topological characteristics, synchronization performance and disturbance rejection ability of a grid with the three types of connection strategies are compared. Mode 1 directly connects a new increasing distributed power plant with a load node (named the SC mode), Mode 2 is based on the way 1, and connects the nearby distributed power plant (named the LC mode). Mode 3 is also based on the way 1, connecting the nearby distributed plant with a certain probability (named the PC mode). Study shows that the synchronizability and anti-interference performance of a grid with the LC mode are the best among the three types of connection strategies, while the synchronization and anti-interference performance of a grid with the SC mode are the worst. The performace of the PC mode is better than that of the SC mode but is worse than that of LC mode.The study provides a theoretical reference for the future construction of smart grid system.

Due to traditional kernel tracking algorithm can only track infrared or visible target, its performance is poor, even unsuccessful. This paper proposes a fusion tracking method for infrared-visible target by using a mean shift algorithm. Firstly, the histogram is still adopted to represent the infrared target and visible target, and the similarity between infrared candidate and its target, and the similarity between visible candidate and its target, are integrated into a novel objective function with different weight. Secondly, similar to mean shift on the objective function, a joint target location-shift formula is induced to the new method. Finally, the optimal target location is gained recursively by applying the mean shift procedure. Experimental results of several infrared-visible image sequences demonstrate that the proposed fusion algorithm is superior to the single-sensor tracking algorithm in handling illumination change and background clutter.

Spontaneous smile recognition is an important part in the field of facial expression recognition, which is widely used in many fields. This paper presents a spontaneous smile recognition method by fusing infrared and visible images based on contrast pyramid decomposition(CPD). Infrared and visible images are decomposed with 4 layers Gauss Pyramids respectively, and the corresponding contrast pyramids are built. Fusion image which is obtained by combining each layer of infrared image and visible image based on the fusion rule—pixel average. Then LBP features and LDP features are extracted from images, and smile and not smile expressions are classified by SVM classifier. The experimental results show that the smile recognition rates with the fusion images based on LBP features and LDP features can reach 96.69% and 97.19% respectively,and the overall recognition rates with the fusion images based on LBP features and LDP features can reach 96.51% and 96.78% respectively. These results are significantly better than the results with other methods. The results show that the proposed algorithm can improve the recognition performance of the spontaneous smile recognition.

In order to identify the mechanism of DNA condensation further, a strong correlation model is established based on the strong correlation of condensed counterios and Monte Carlo simulation is employed to study the properties of DNA condensation. During the condensation process, gyration radii of condensed conformation appear step-wise manner indicating the discontinuousness of process of DNA condensation. Autocorrelation of the segment reflects the number of loop structure in the condensed conformation, the condensed phase diagram shows the complexity of the condensed conformation, the majority of condensed conformations take on the complex flower structure, and in comparison with flower structure, the occurrence rate of the toroidal structure is small. All the results mentioned above show strong highlight into the mechanism of DNA condensation.

In this paper, the empirical Bayes (EB) estimation and (EB) test in scale exponential families are studied under strong mixing samples. Two EB estimators and two EB tests are proposed. Under mild regularity conditions, the convergence rates of the proposed EB estimators and EB tests are given under strong mixing samples. Simulation results are also given to show the performance of the proposed EB estimators and tests.

In this paper,the existence of positive solutions for fractional differential equation boundary value problems with p-Laplacian operator and delay are considered. By using Avery-Perterson fixed point theorem,under certain growth conditions, the existence of at least three positive solutions for the above boundary value problem are studied. Not only are some new results obtained,but also some known results are generalized and improved.

Computed tomography imaging has become an important mean of clinical diagnosis while the contrast agent is an important part in CT imaging. Improving the targeting for early diagnosis of the disease is a major trend in the development of contrast agents. This article introduces briefly the research progress of the targeting contrast agent for CT imaging.

For the in-depth study of the bonding and the magnetic properties of V₃B₂ cluster, the hybridization of orbitals and the electronic structures of the optimized structures are studied systematically with the whole parameter optimization of cluster V₃B₂ under the level of DFT B3LYP/Lanl2dz .The analysis of the total density of states and partial density of states show that the formation of the V-B bond is mainly from the p-d-p hybrid from V-3p, V-3d and B-2p in all existing stable configuration of cluster V₃B₂, rather than the p-d hybrid or the s-p-d hybrid as reported. A further study shows that the p-d-s hybrid from B-2p, V-3d and V-4s as well as the s-s hybrid from B-2s and V-4s, also have contribution to the formation of the V-B bond, which is not reported before. Magnetic analysis based on the spin state density shows that the B-doping leads to the decrease of the magnetic properties. The magnetic moment of cluster is basically contributed by the unpaired electrons in the V-3d orbit.

In this paper, a colorless, transparent and homogeneous ionic liquid containing hexahydrate magnesium chloride was synthesized by using the byproduct of hexahydrate magnesium chloride from Saline Lake. The hydrogen bonding types in the hexahydrate magnesium chloride ionic liquid were determined by means of the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The viscosity, density and conductivity of the ionic liquid were measured respectively by using conductivity meter, digital viscometer and densimeter. The change rule of physicochemical properties of the ionic liquid was established with the variation of temperature and its composition. Furthermore the Gibbs free energy (G^*), enthalpy (H^*), entropy (S^*) and other thermodynamic data were calculated based on the relation of viscosity, conductivity, density and temperature.

High-quality CdTe quantum dots were synthesized by microwave-assisted method with CdCl₂ and Na₂TeO₃ as reactants and thiohydracrylic acid as a reducing and stabilizing agent. TiO₂ nanotube arrays were co-sensitized by CdTe quantum dots and dye N719. And a solar cell was assembled using this sensitized TiO₂ nanotube array as photo-anode. The quantum dots and the photo-anode were characterized by Uv-vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectra, X-Ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope. Compared to traditional synthesis of CdTe quantum dots, thiohydracrylic acid served as a stabilizing and reducing agent, which makes the two-step synthesis into the one-step, can simplify the synthesis operation and reduce the poisonous gas release; and microwave-assisted synthesis can make the quantum dots grow faster. With the heating time of microwave becoming longer, the particle size of quantum dots become bigger, and the fluorescence emission and the Uv-vis absorption are shift red. At most the quantum yield can get to 63.6%. The solar cell assembled by CdTe quantum dots and N719 dye co-sensitized TiO₂ nanotube array has the short-circuit current density of 3.82 mA/cm², the open-circuit voltage of 0.518 V and the fill factor of 0.32. The photon to current conversion efficiency is 0.63% that is higher 152% than the no-sensitized solar cell.

This paper introduces a new fluorescence method for the detection of trace arsenic in the Rh6G-I₃ system. In sulfuric acid medium, arsenic is reduced by NaBH₄ to form AsH₃ which can reduce I^-₃ into I^-. With I^-₃ conjugating with rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) to form Rh6G-I₃ associated particles, the fluorescence intensity of Rh6G becomes weak at 562 nm. As I^-₃ ion is reduced by AsH₃ resulting in the concentration increase of free Rh6G, its fluorescence intensity increases. Under the selected conditions, the increasing values (ΔF₅₆₂) of the fluorescence intensity at 562 nm is linear in the range of 0.011～0.997 mg/L As, with the regression equation of ΔF = 825.1c-26.8 and a detection limit of 6.28 μg/L. Thus, a new fluorescence method for the detection of As was set up.

Statistical analysis of 5 functional traits on 2 282 woody plant species on the Hainnan Island showed that the species richness of tree growth-form plays a predominant role, followed by the shrub and linas <5 m, [5 m, 15 m) and [15 m, 25 m) height classes in species richness accounted for the most and they are 977, 767 and 376, respectively. Animal disperal mode played mainly important role in all the disperal modes, the second was the wind disperal mode, and water disperal mode were the fewest and they are 1 158, 91 and 31, respectively. Species richness with no thorns were significantly greater than those of non-thorn and they are 165 and 2 117, respectively. Berries, capsule and nuts played dominant role in fruit types. The findings indicate that the dsitibutions of plants with different functional traits reflected that plants are able to adapt to different habitat conditions on the Hainan Island.

217 species of vascular plant belonging to 153 genera and 74 families have been recorded in Fengshui Woods on Karst Hills of Guilin. Among them, pteridophytes had 18 species belonging to 15 genera and 10 families, dicotyledons had 174 species belonging to 122 genera and 56 families, monocotyledons had 25 species belonging to 16 genera and 8 families. The proportion of pteridophytes, dicotyledons and monocotyledons were 8.30%, 80.18% and 11.52%. The life of vascular plant was divided into arbor, bush, liana and herbal. Among them, the proportion of arbor, bush, liana and herbal were 32.72%, 28.57%, 16.13% and 22.58%, respectively. The floristic geographical of vascular plant in Fengshui Woods were multiform, in which the families could be classified into 6 areal types and 4 subtypes, among them, the tropical elements were 41, reaching 80.39%; the genera families were classified into 12 areal types and 8 subtypes, the tropic elements were 98, reaching 69.01% of the total families and genera.

To understand the evolutionary relationship among the Macrobrachium species, mitochondrial partial 16S ribosomal DNA of M. rosenbergii was amplified and sequenced. By sequence alignment from 511 characters, 178 characters are variable and 162 characters are parsimony informative. The parameters specified under optimum model were nucleotide frequencies of η_A=0.306 3, η_C=0.065 7, η_G=0.204 6, η_T=0.423 3; reversal rates of change for [A-C]=0.042 7, [A-G]=0.248 59, [A-T]=0.028 4, [C-G]=0.032 9, [C-T]=0.629 0, [G-T]=0.018 4. The proportion of invariant sites was 0.428 7, and gamma shape distribution α=0.429 8. No substitution saturation was found as the level of transitional base substitutions was higher than the level of transversions over all genetic distances. Bayes phylogenetic tree was constructed by using Bayesian method. The out group Palaemon formed as paraphyletic to Macrobrachium with significant bootstrap value. Principally all species clustered into 3 big clades as their evolutionary relationship, in which, M. malayanum constitute a big clade, M. carcinus, M. americanum and M. vollenhovenii constituted another big clade, and the other 32 Macrobrachium constituted the third big clade. M. rosenbergii, M. japonicum, M. meridionalis, M. gracilirostre, M. jaroense, M. horstii, M. placidulum, M. lepidactyloides, M. lar, M. latimanus and M. ohione formed one cluster.

Hypaphorine is an indole alkaloid identified as one of active constituents in some Chinese medicinal herbs. Pisolithus tinctorius is a Sclerodermatales macro-fungi which accumulate hypaphorine in its hyphae. Hypaphorine’s native fluorescent radiation is strong enough,but tryptophan has almost the same fluorescence wavelength as that of Hypaphorine,which will cause serious interference when the hypaphorine was measured. A quick tryptophan-detective Fluorescent spectrometry method has been completed, and one Pisolithus tinctorius strain containing 3.39 nmol·mg^-1 hypaphorine has been screened by using this method.

In order to provide reference for soil problems such as continuous cropping obstacles and soil borne disease, the experiment was carried out with the rhizosphere soil of Panax notoginseng at different plant ages as material, the changes of the number of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and their enzyme activities were determined. The results show that with the increase of the planted age, the number of rhizosphere bacteria, fungi and actinomyces were reduced, with the most quantity of soil microbial in CK, the second in 1 year-old soil and the minimum in 3 year-old soil. . From April to December, the rhizosphere bacteria of 1 year-old were reduced by 23%-74%, the fungi were decreased by 6%-37.5%, and the actinomyces by 12%- 66.7%. The rhizosphere bacteria of 2 year-old were decreased by 18%-80.7% , the fungi were reduced by 50%-60% and the actinomyces by 32%-79%; The rhizosphere bacteria of 1 year-old were reduced by 37%-87.9%, the fungi were reduced by 50%-75% and the actinomyces by 33%-52%;while the catalase, urease, phosphatase activity were decreased with the order that CK (never planted)soil enzyme activity ranked the first,the1year the second, and 3 years old the minimum. Therefore, the plant age of Panax notoginseng had a great influence on its rhizosphere microorganisms and enzyme activities. The amount of Panax notoginseng rhizosphere microorganisms decreases with the increase of the planted age, and the neutral phosphatase, urease and catalase enzymes activity decreased.

The purposes of the experiments are to explore the effect of polysaccharides of the Euphoria Longan (Lour.) Steud in resisting sport fatigue and its mechanism for anti-oxidation. The weigh-bearing swimming time span of the mouse was observed to explore the effect of polysaccharides of the Euphoria Longan (Lour.) Steud in resisting sport fatigue; ultraviolet spectrophotometry was adopted to explore the effect of polysaccharides of the Euphoria Longan (Lour.) Steud in eliminating O^-₂· and ·OH. The MDA, BUN, LDH, SOD and lactic acid of the mouse after the weigh-bearing swimming were observed to explore the mechanism of polysaccharides of the Euphoria Longan (Lour.) Steud for antifatigue. The findings are as follows,polysaccharides of the Euphoria Longan (Lour.) Steud can prolong the time span of weight-loaded swimming in the mouse(P<0.05), reduce the production of BUN(P<0.05) and the accumulation of lactic acid(P<0.05) and MDA(P<0.05), and activate LDH(P<0.05) and SOD(P<0.05). Polysaccharides of the Euphoria Longan (Lour.) Steud can eliminate ·OH greatly but its effect in eliminating O^-₂· is not so obvious. These show that polysaccharides of the Euphoria Longan (Lour.) Steud is effective in resisting fatigue.