Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 233-244.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2024121501

• Ecology and Environmental Science Research • Previous Articles    

Removal Mechanism of Cadmium Containing Wastewater by Algae-Bacteria Granular Sludge

WANG Xu1, CHEN Wei1*, CAO Liang2, XIA Yingjie1, ZENG Ming1   

  1. 1. School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430081, China;
    2. Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Yangtze Basin Ecological Environment Supervision Administration Bureau, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Wuhan Hubei 430010, China
  • Received:2024-12-15 Revised:2025-01-26 Published:2025-11-19

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Abstract: To explore the application of algae-bacteria granular sludge in the treatment of cadmium-containing wastewater, a photosequence batch reactor (PSBR) was used to treat simulated cadmium-containing wastewater, and the changes of pollutant treatment effect, sludge physicochemical properties, surface functional groups and microbial community structure were observed. The deep removal mechanism in the process of treating cadmium-containing wastewater was analyzed. The experimental results showed that the algae-bacteria granular sludge had a good removal effect on cadmium-containing wastewater, in which the removal rates of COD, TN and Cd2+ reach 88.14%, 76.15% and 93.40%, respectively. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model indicated that the removal of Cd2+ was primarily through chemical adsorption, with EPS playing a crucial role. FTIR and XPS characterization revealed that functional groups such as C—O, C—N, and CO on the sludge surface interact with Cd2+, forming precipitates or complexes, which facilitated chemical adsorption. Under low Cd2+ concentrations, EPS secretion increased from 98.96 mg/g to 144.37 mg/g, demonstrating high resistance to toxicity. However, high Cd2+ concentrations inhibited EPS secretion, compromising particle stability. Microbial community analysis showed that under Cd2+ stress, the abundance of norank_f_Microscillaceae and norank_f_Saprospiraceae increased. These bacteria were major EPS producers, further enhancing EPS secretion and resisting heavy metal toxicity. In summary, algae-bacteria granular sludge exhibits significant removal capabilities for Cd2+, organic matter, and nitrogen and phosphorus, while maintaining particle stability. These findings provide a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for the long-term stable operation of sludge in treating Cd2+-contaminated wastewater.

Key words: wastewater treatment, algae-bacteria granular sludge, cadmium-containing wastewater, adsorption characteristics, mechanism analysis

CLC Number:  X703
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