广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 233-244.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2024121501

• 生态环境科学研究 • 上一篇    

菌藻颗粒污泥对含镉废水去除机理探究

王旭1, 陈威1*, 曹亮2, 夏英杰1, 曾鸣1   

  1. 1.武汉科技大学 城市建设学院,湖北 武汉 430081;
    2.生态环境部长江流域生态环境监督管理局生态环境监测与科学研究中心,湖北 武汉 430010
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-15 修回日期:2025-01-26 发布日期:2025-11-19
  • 通讯作者: 陈威(1974—),男,湖南长沙人,武汉科技大学教授,博士。E-mail: chenwei@wust.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    长江生态环境保护修复联合研究项目(第二期)(2022LHYJ02050403)

Removal Mechanism of Cadmium Containing Wastewater by Algae-Bacteria Granular Sludge

WANG Xu1, CHEN Wei1*, CAO Liang2, XIA Yingjie1, ZENG Ming1   

  1. 1. School of Urban Construction, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Hubei 430081, China;
    2. Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Yangtze Basin Ecological Environment Supervision Administration Bureau, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Wuhan Hubei 430010, China
  • Received:2024-12-15 Revised:2025-01-26 Published:2025-11-19

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摘要： 为探究菌藻颗粒污泥(ABGS)在处理含镉废水方面的应用,采用光序批式反应器(PSBR)处理模拟含镉废水,并观察处理过程中的污染物处理效果、污泥理化特性、表面官能团以及微生物群落结构的变化,从而分析其处理含镉废水过程中的深层次去除机理。实验结果表明,ABGS对含镉废水有良好的去除效果,其中COD、TN以及Cd2+的去除率分别达到88.14%、76.15%和93.40%。准二级动力学模型分析表明,ABGS对Cd2+的去除主要是化学吸附,胞外聚合物(EPS)在重金属吸附中发挥关键作用。通过对ABGS进行FTIR和XPS表征,结果表明,其表面的C—O、C—N和CO等官能团能够与Cd2+发生相互作用,在颗粒表面形成沉淀/络合物,进而实现对Cd2+的化学吸附。在低浓度Cd2+刺激下,ABGS中EPS分泌量从98.96 mg/g增至144.37 mg/g,表现出高抗毒性,但过高浓度Cd2+会抑制其EPS的分泌,破坏颗粒稳定性。微生物群落分析显示,在Cd2+刺激下,norank_ f_Microscillaceae、norank_ f_Saprospiraceae的丰度增加,这些菌是主要的EPS产生菌,会进一步促进EPS分泌,抵御重金属毒性。综上所述,ABGS在处理含Cd2+废水中展现出显著的Cd2+、有机物和氮去除能力和颗粒稳定性。该结果为ABGS处理实际含Cd2+废水的长期稳定运行提供了重要理论基础和实践指导。

关键词: 污水处理, 菌藻颗粒污泥, 含镉废水, 吸附特性, 机理分析

Abstract: To explore the application of algae-bacteria granular sludge in the treatment of cadmium-containing wastewater, a photosequence batch reactor (PSBR) was used to treat simulated cadmium-containing wastewater, and the changes of pollutant treatment effect, sludge physicochemical properties, surface functional groups and microbial community structure were observed. The deep removal mechanism in the process of treating cadmium-containing wastewater was analyzed. The experimental results showed that the algae-bacteria granular sludge had a good removal effect on cadmium-containing wastewater, in which the removal rates of COD, TN and Cd2+ reach 88.14%, 76.15% and 93.40%, respectively. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model indicated that the removal of Cd2+ was primarily through chemical adsorption, with EPS playing a crucial role. FTIR and XPS characterization revealed that functional groups such as C—O, C—N, and CO on the sludge surface interact with Cd2+, forming precipitates or complexes, which facilitated chemical adsorption. Under low Cd2+ concentrations, EPS secretion increased from 98.96 mg/g to 144.37 mg/g, demonstrating high resistance to toxicity. However, high Cd2+ concentrations inhibited EPS secretion, compromising particle stability. Microbial community analysis showed that under Cd2+ stress, the abundance of norank_f_Microscillaceae and norank_f_Saprospiraceae increased. These bacteria were major EPS producers, further enhancing EPS secretion and resisting heavy metal toxicity. In summary, algae-bacteria granular sludge exhibits significant removal capabilities for Cd2+, organic matter, and nitrogen and phosphorus, while maintaining particle stability. These findings provide a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for the long-term stable operation of sludge in treating Cd2+-contaminated wastewater.

Key words: wastewater treatment, algae-bacteria granular sludge, cadmium-containing wastewater, adsorption characteristics, mechanism analysis

中图分类号:  X703

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