高温索氏提取土壤中的可降解聚乙烯蜡残余物及根窖降解评价

广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2014, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 101-107.

高温索氏提取土壤中的可降解聚乙烯蜡残余物及根窖降解评价

熊小莉¹, 陈成², 罗学刚²

1. 四川师范大学化学与材料科学学院,四川成都610068;
2. 西南科技大学材料科学与工程学院,四川绵阳621010

收稿日期:2014-09-03 发布日期:2018-09-26
通讯作者: 罗学刚(1957-),男,四川中江人,西南科技大学教授,博士。 E-mail:lxg@swust.edu.cn
基金资助:
十一五国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2007BAE42B04);四川省非金属复合与功能材料重点实验室-省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地开放基金资助项目(10zxfk23);四川师范大学重点项目(11KYL06);四川省教育厅重点项目(14ZA0027)

Extraction of Polyethylene Wax Residues by High-temperature Soxhlet Apparatus in Soil and Its Degradation in Root Cellar

XIONG Xiao-li¹, CHEN Cheng², LUO Xue-gang²

1. College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu Sichuan 610068, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang Sichuan 621010, China

Received:2014-09-03 Published:2018-09-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过高温索氏提取法采用混合溶剂(V_正庚烷∶V_二甲苯=1∶4)对土壤中的可降解聚乙烯(PE)残余物(PEW,M_w=5 000)进行分离提取,分别考察了提取时间和土壤类型对PEW提取率及结构和热性质的影响,同时做根窖实验并进行相对分子质量的测定。结果表明,对PEW的提取率随提取时间的增加而增大,2.5 h后达最大(92.5%);提取时间对PEW的分子结构无明显影响,但对PEW的结晶有一定影响,使得熔融温度和结晶温度分别升高1～3 ℃;提取时间对PEW的平均相对分子质量无明显影响,但会导致相对分子质量分布变窄;土壤类型对PEW的提取率基本没有影响;根窖实验结果表明该提取方法可以用于实际土壤中PEW残余物的降解测试评价,长期跟踪下去还可以评估PE完全降解所需时间。

关键词: 分离, 高温索氏提取, 聚乙烯蜡残余物, 土壤, 降解, 根窖

Abstract: In order to investigate the degradation and the degradation time of degradable polyethylene(PE) film residues after removing the visual pollution into the soil, it is necessary to establish the method of separation and recovery PE residues from soil. PE wax powders (PEW, M_w=5 000) was taken as simulated PE residue, and then they were extracted in soil through the Soxhlet apparatus extraction method on the high-temperature by using mixed solvent (V_heptane∶V_xylene =1∶4). The PEW samples were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), high temperature gel permeation chromatography (HT-GPC), thermal analyzer (DSC) after the separation. The effection of the extraction time and soil types on the molecular structure and thermal properties of PEW were studied. At the same time, the molecular weight of the PEW after buried 1~3 years were determinated by the root cellar experiment. The results showed that the extraction rate increases with extraction time, and it reaches the maximum after 2.5 h (92.5%). The FT-IR spectra illustrates that the molecular structure of PEW is not destroyed during the extraction, but the extraction time has a certain influence on the crystallization of PEW which its melting temperature and crystallization temperature were raised by 1~3 ℃, respectively. The extraction time does not have much influence on average molecular of PEW, but it makes the molecular weight distribution narrow. The PEW recovery is independent of soil type. The root cellar experiment results show that the extraction method can be used to evaluate the degradation of actual PEW residue in soil and assess the total degradation time of PE after long-term tracking down.

Key words: separation, high-temperature Soxhlet extraction, polyethylene wax residues, soil, degradation, root cellar

中图分类号:

X131.3

熊小莉, 陈成, 罗学刚. 高温索氏提取土壤中的可降解聚乙烯蜡残余物及根窖降解评价[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2014, 32(4): 101-107.

XIONG Xiao-li, CHEN Cheng, LUO Xue-gang. Extraction of Polyethylene Wax Residues by High-temperature Soxhlet Apparatus in Soil and Its Degradation in Root Cellar[J]. Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2014, 32(4): 101-107.

参考文献

[1] 高建平, 于九皋, 王为. 完全生物可降解热塑性淀粉复合材料[J]. 高分子材料科学与工程, 1999, 15(3): 93-95.
[2] 邱威扬, 王飞镝, 邱贤华, 等. 淀粉塑料现状及发展前景[J]. 高分子通报, 2000(4): 77-95.
[3] 何晶. 不同相对分子质量的聚乙烯粉末对土壤环境及作物生长的影响研究[D]. 绵阳:西南科技大学,2011: 6-9.
[4] 王清磊. 环境降解地膜主成分聚乙烯对土壤和农作物影响的研究[D]. 成都:四川师范大学,2011: 3-5.
[5] YABANNAVAR A, BARTHA R. Biodegradability of some food-packaging materials in soil[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1993, 25(11): 1469-1475.
[6] YABANNAVAR A V, BARTHA R. Methods for assessment of biodegradability of plastic films in soil[J]. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 1994, 60(10): 3608-3614.
[7] ALBERTSSON A C, ERLANDSSON B, HAKKARAINEN M, et al. Molecular weight changes and polymeric matrix changes correlated with the formation of degradation products in biodegraded polyethylen[J]. Journal of Environmental Polymer Degradation, 1998, 6(4): 187-195.
[8] CHIELLINI E, CORTI A, SWIFT G. Biodegradation of thermally oxidised, fragmented low density polyethylenes[J]. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2003, 81(2): 341-351.
[9] OTDAK D, KACZMAREK H. Photo- and bio-degradation processes in polyethylene, cellulose and their blends studied by ATR-FTIR and Raman spectroscopies[J]. Journal of Materials Science, 2005, 40(16): 4189-4198.
[10] KAPANEN A, SCHETTINI E, VOX G, et al. Performance and environmental impact of biodegradable films in agriculture: a field study on protected cultivation[J]. Journal of Polymers and Environment, 2008, 16(2): 109-122.
[11] ZAHRA S, ABBAS S S, MAHSA M T, et al. Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) by isolated fungi in solid waste medium[J]. Waste Management, 2010, 30(3): 396-401.
[12] MUMTAZ T, KHAN M R, HASSAN M A. Study of environmental biodegradation of LDPE films in soil using optical and scanning electron microscopy[J]. Micron, 2010, 41(5): 430-438.
[13] FAKIROV S. Modified Soxhlet apparatus for high-temperature extraction[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2006, 102(2): 2013-2014.
[14] LI Feng-zhen, ZHENG Hong-yuan, LIU Zeng-zhu, et al. Microbial degradation of polyethylene farming-mulch-film after its photodegradation[J]. Environmental Science,1988, 12(1): 6-11.

相关文章 15

[1]	彭丽梅, 赵理, 周悟, 胡月明. 广州市从化区耕地土壤重金属风险评价[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2020, 38(5): 118-129.
[2]	杨异婷, 贾铁飞, 李骥飞, 巩莉. 旅游活动对坡地土壤物理性质的影响——以上海郊区天马山公园采挖竹笋活动为例[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 37(4): 127-135.
[3]	范瑞,蒋品群,曾上游,夏海英,廖志贤,李鹏. 多尺度并行融合的轻量级卷积神经网络设计[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 37(3): 50-59.
[4]	徐婷婷, 余秋平, 漆培艺, 刘可慧, 李艺, 蒋永荣, 于方明. 不同淋洗剂对矿区土壤重金属解吸的影响[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2019, 37(2): 188-193.
[5]	郑海霞, 王月, 陈芬, 勾朝阳, 郑庆荣. 五台山南台土壤重金属特征及污染风险评价[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 36(4): 99-107.
[6]	廖春贵,陈月连,熊小菊,胡宝清. 2007—2016年广西植被覆盖时空分布特征及其驱动因素[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2018, 36(2): 118-127.
[7]	谢秋丽, 唐玉娟, 苏厚人, 李光伟, 李良波, 韦继光, 黄荣韶. 不同株龄田七根际土壤微生物和酶活性变化[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2017, 35(3): 149-156.
[8]	康福丽,朱国政,林钰,胡振兴,邓荫伟,冯玉能,陈胜华,陈付林,刘灵. AMF对金橘苗根围土壤酶活性及植株生长的影响[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2017, 35(1): 104-112.
[9]	陈思溢, 罗强, 黄辉先. 基于群决策理论的协调控制子区划分方法[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2014, 32(4): 18-25.
[10]	陈春强, 邓华, 黄芳芳. 广西桂平锰矿区土壤重金属含量及形态分析[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2014, 32(4): 108-114.
[11]	张宗伟, 李酽, 初飞雪. 稀土、Fe³⁺掺杂TiO₂光催化降解水中氨氮研究[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2014, 32(2): 117-121.
[12]	于海东, 罗云峰. 竞争情报系统质量控制的实施:Nash均衡与甄别[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2013, 31(4): 28-32.
[13]	李楠, 邓智年, 奉灵波, 周瑞芳, 魏源文, 曹辉庆, 李杨瑞. 甘蔗糖蜜酒精废液产腐殖酸的菌株筛选与鉴定[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2013, 31(2): 87-92.
[14]	李晖, 尹辉, 蒋忠诚, 杨奇勇, 王月. 典型岩溶区石漠化和土壤侵蚀遥感解译与关键问题[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2013, 31(2): 133-139.
[15]	梁毅, 杨慧, 曹建华, 卜巧珍, 李亮, 方培结, 王开然. 不同土地利用方式下土壤养分和酶活性的变化[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2013, 31(1): 125-129.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed