广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2025, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 213-225.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2024040306

• 分子生物学与生物技术 • 上一篇    

鸟类与爬行类FOXP2基因的分子进化

阚拓1,2, 梁馨月1,2, 陈明慧1,2, 冯平1,2*   

  1. 1.珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护教育部重点实验室(广西师范大学), 广西桂林 541006;
    2.广西师范大学生命科学学院,广西桂林 541006
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-03 修回日期:2024-05-11 出版日期:2025-05-05 发布日期:2025-05-14
  • 通讯作者: 冯平(1986—),女,广西北海人,广西师范大学副教授,博士。E-mail: fengfengping1234@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32060111)

Molecular Evolution of FOXP2 Gene in Birds and Reptiles

KAN Tuo1,2, LIANG Xinyue1,2, CHEN Minghui1,2, FENG Ping1,2*   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guilin Guangxi 541006, China;
    2. College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin Guangxi 541006, China
  • Received:2024-04-03 Revised:2024-05-11 Online:2025-05-05 Published:2025-05-14

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摘要： FOX家族FOXP2基因广泛存在于动物界中,是与声音有关的重要基因,其突变可以导致人类语言障碍。FOXP2基因与鸟类和爬行类的语言能力、学习行为密切相关,为了解其进化史,以66种鸟类和30种爬行类为研究对象,基于基因组数据,利用选择压力分析、系统发育分析等探讨鸟类和爬行类FOXP2基因的分子进化规律。结果表明:1)虽然鸟类与爬行类都有正选择位点,但是FOXP2基因在爬行类与鸟类中非常保守,整体上呈纯化选择;2)鸟类中鸣禽的FOXP2基因未发生正选择,也无正选择位点,但鸣禽的ω值比其他鸟类更高,表明鸣禽的FOXP2基因进化速率更快,可能与鸣禽具有更突出的鸣唱天赋有关;3)虽然鸟类与爬行类FOXP2均处于纯化选择状态,但鸟类明显比爬行类具有更高的ω值,说明鸟类经历选择放松,表明鸟类的FOXP2基因相较于爬行类进化速率更快。本研究结果为FOXP2基因的进化和功能的进一步研究提供理论依据,为人类语言机制的探索带来更多的借鉴与启示。

关键词: FOXP2, 鸟类, 爬行类, 鸣禽, 选择压力分析, 系统发育分析

Abstract: FOXP2 gene of Fox family widely exists in the animal kingdom and is an important gene related to sound. Its mutation can cause human language disorder. FOXP2 gene is closely related to the language ability and learning behavior of birds and reptiles. In order to understand its evolutionary history, 66 species of birds and 30 species of reptiles were studied. Based on genomic data, the molecular evolution of FOXP2 gene in birds and reptiles was discussed by using selection pressure analysis and phylogenetic analysis. The results showed that: first, although both birds and reptiles had positive selection sites, FOXP2 gene was very conserved in reptiles and birds, and showed purifying selection on the whole; second, the FOXP2 gene of songbirds in birds did not undergo positive selection evolution, and there was no positive selection site, but the ω value was larger than that of other birds, indicating that the evolution rate of FOXP2 gene in songbirds is faster, which may be related to its outstanding singing ability; third, although FOXP2 of both birds and reptiles were under purifying selection, birds havd greater ω, indicating that birds were under relaxed selection and the FOXP2 gene of birds had a faster evolution rate than that of reptiles. The results of this study provide further theoretical basis for the study of the evolution and function of FOXP2 gene, and bring reference and enlightenment to the exploration of human language mechanism.

Key words: FOXP2, birds, reptiles, songbirds, select pressure analysis, phylogenetic analysis

中图分类号:  Q959.1

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