食物营养组分对黑叶猴食物选择策略影响的研究

doi:10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2021010702

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 动物需要不同营养组分以满足其营养需求,其觅食策略受食物营养组分的影响。为探讨不同营养组分对黑叶猴Trachypithecus francoisi食物选择的影响,2016年9月至2017年8月,采用瞬时扫描取样法研究广西西大明山自治区级保护区黑叶猴的取食行为,根据取食时间比例划分为主要食物和次要食物,采集食物样本并测定其水分、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、灰分等营养成分含量以及 Zn、Ca、K、Mg、Cu、Fe、Mn等矿物质含量。本研究共采集到食物样本包括9种主要食物与14种次要食物,不同食物种类的取食比例在0.02%~6.81%变化。嫩叶中,K、Mg、Mn、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的含量在主要食物与次要食物之间有差异,嫩叶中其他营养组分在主要食物与次要食物之间没有差异;成熟叶中,Cu、Mn和Mg含量高于次要食物,而其他营养组分在主要食物与次要食物之间没有差异。广义线性回归分析表明,Mg、中性洗涤纤维与水分这3种营养组分对黑叶猴取食比例影响显著。从贡献值来看,Mg是优先考虑的因子,其次是水分,且黑叶猴为选择Mg含量高的食物部分时可忍受其低含量的中性洗涤纤维和高含量的酸性洗涤纤维。因此,Mg和水分这2种成分的含量共同影响黑叶猴食物选择。

关键词: 石山森林, 黑叶猴, 营养组分, 食物选择, 营养生态学

Abstract: Animals need various nutrients to satisfy their nutritional requirements, and their feeding strategies are affected by nutritional requirements. In order to study the relationship between nutrient contents and food choice of Franois’ langur Trachypithecus francoisi in limestone forest, from September, 2016 to August, 2017, the feeding behavior of langur in Guangxi West Daming Mountain Autonomous Region Nature Reserve was studied by instantaneous scanning sampling method, and it was divided into staple food and non-staple food according to the proportion of feeding time. Nutritional contents included water, crude protein, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and minerals (Zn, Ca, K, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn). The results indicated that there are 23 species of food, including 9 staple food and 14 non-staple food, with feeding proportion ranged from 0.02% to 6.81%. In young leaves, the contents of K, Mg, Mn, NDF and ADF were significantly different between staple food species and unstaple food species, but there were no significant difference among other nutrient elements in young leaves. In mature leaves, the contents of Cu, Mg and Mn of staple food species were higher than that of non-staple food species, but there was no significant difference among other nutrient elements in mature leaves. The generalized linear model (GLM) showed that Mg, NDF and water content had significant effects on the Franois’ langur feeding proportion. The Model averaging further indicated that the contents of the two nutritional components, Mg, and water, jointly determined the food choice of Franois’ langur.

Key words: limestone forest, Trachypithecus francoisi, nutrient contents, food choice, nutritional ecology

中图分类号:

Q958

梁卜之, 陆施毅, 彭爱惠, 曾桂传, 黄中豪, 李友邦. 食物营养组分对黑叶猴食物选择策略影响的研究[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 40(4): 188-198.

LIANG Buzhi, LU Shiyi, PENG Aihui, ZENG Guichuan, HUANG Zhonghao, LI Youbang. Effect of Various Nutrient Composition on Feeding Habit of Franois’Langur Trachypithecus francoisi[J]. Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2022, 40(4): 188-198.

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