5个棘胸蛙养殖群体微卫星遗传多样性分析

doi:10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2021072804

广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2022, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 206-214.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2021072804

5个棘胸蛙养殖群体微卫星遗传多样性分析

魏朝宇^1,2,3, 汪小冬^1,2,4, 魏秀英^1,2,3, 袁鸿^1,2,3, 姚红艳^1,2,3, 陈敦学^1,2,3*

1.贵州大学动物科学学院,贵州贵阳550025;
2.贵州大学渔业资源与环境研究中心,贵州贵阳550025;
3.高原山地动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室(贵州大学),贵州贵阳550025;
4.湖南农业大学动物科学学院, 湖南长沙410128

收稿日期:2021-07-28 修回日期:2021-08-26 出版日期:2022-11-25 发布日期:2023-01-17
通讯作者: 陈敦学(1986—), 男, 广西桂林人, 贵州大学副教授, 博士。E-mail:chendunxue@126.com
基金资助:
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2019]2344号)

Genetic Diversity Analysis Among 5 Cultured Populations ofQuasipaa spinosa by Microsatellite Markers

WEI Zhaoyu^1,2,3, WANG Xiaodong^1,2,4, WEI Xiuying^1,2,3, YUAN Hong^1,2,3, YAO Hongyan^1,2,3, CHEN Dunxue^1,2,3*

1. College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang Guizhou 550025, China;
2. Research Center of Fishery Resources and Environment, Guizhou University, Guiyang Guizhou 550025, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Reproduction of Plateau and Mountain Animals (Guizhou University), Guiyang Guizhou 550025, China;
4. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha Hunan 410128, China

Received:2021-07-28 Revised:2021-08-26 Online:2022-11-25 Published:2023-01-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 养殖群体繁殖过程往往受到人为干扰,经过多年养殖后容易出现近亲繁殖现象,影响养殖效益。为了解棘胸蛙Quasipaa spinosa养殖群体的遗传多样性,评估棘胸蛙的遗传现状,本研究选用9个微卫星分子标记对5个养殖群体(江西、浙江、广西、广东、福建)148个实验样本进行遗传多样性分析,结果显示:9个微卫星位点在5个养殖群体中共检测到46个等位基因位点,其中,平均等位基因和平均有效等位基因数分别为5.111和2.702,平均观测杂合度和期望杂合度为0.182和0.589,平均多态信息含量为0.536;养殖群体内观测杂合度和期望杂合度分别在0.130~0.230和0.353~0.468,且观测杂合度均小于期望杂合度。广东和广西群体遗传相似度最高(0.819),福建和江西群体的遗传相似度最低(0.441),与利用MEGA软件构建UPGMA进化树结果相一致。实验结果揭示棘胸蛙养殖群体已经存在一定的近亲繁殖现象。建议在人工养殖棘胸蛙的过程中,应尽量扩大选种范围,避免近亲繁殖;同时,定期从外地良种场引进良种作为繁殖亲本,提高亲本遗传多样性。

关键词: 棘胸蛙, 养殖群体, 微卫星标记, 遗传多样性, 遗传结构

Abstract: In order to explore the genetic diversity and genetic status of the Quasipaa spinosa, 9 highly polymorphic microsatellite makers were chosen to comprehend the genetic information based on 148 samples from five breeding populations (Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Guangxi, Guangdong and Fujian population). A total of 46 different alleles were detected, with mean number of alleles and effective alleles were 5.111 and 2.702, respectively. The observed mean heterozygosity was 0.182, and the expected heterozygosity was 0.589 while the polymorphic information content reached to 0.536. Among populations, the heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity were ranged from 0.130 to 0.230 and 0.353 to 0.468, respectively, with the heterozygosity lesser than the expected heterozygosity. The genetic relationship of Guangdong and Guangxi population showed the highest genetic similarity (0.819), while Fujian and Jiangxi population showed the lowest genetic similarity (0.441), according to the reslut based on UPGMA clustering. The study indicates that the cultured population of Q. spinosa has a degree inbreeding, suggesting that the breeding range should be expanded and superior varieties from other fields should be introduced regularly as breeding parents to reduce inbreeding.

Key words: Quasipaa spinosa, culture populations, microsatellite marker, genetic diversity, genetic structure

中图分类号:

Q959.4

魏朝宇, 汪小冬, 魏秀英, 袁鸿, 姚红艳, 陈敦学. 5个棘胸蛙养殖群体微卫星遗传多样性分析[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2022, 40(6): 206-214.

WEI Zhaoyu, WANG Xiaodong, WEI Xiuying, YUAN Hong, YAO Hongyan, CHEN Dunxue. Genetic Diversity Analysis Among 5 Cultured Populations ofQuasipaa spinosa by Microsatellite Markers[J]. Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2022, 40(6): 206-214.

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5个棘胸蛙养殖群体微卫星遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis Among 5 Cultured Populations ofQuasipaa spinosa by Microsatellite Markers

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