种植密度对不同木薯品种茎叶夹角及产量、品质的影响

doi:10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2025111202

广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2026, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 205-223.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2025111202

种植密度对不同木薯品种茎叶夹角及产量、品质的影响

骆文斓¹, 贝丽萍¹, 廖茜婷¹, 李贵龙¹, 申章佑^2,3, 梁琼月^1,3, 欧桂宁^4*, 莫云川^1,3*, 韦茂贵^1,3

1.广西大学农学院, 广西南宁 530004;
2.广西农业科学院经济作物研究所, 广西南宁 530007;
3.广西木薯良种培育中心, 广西南宁 530004;
4.广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所, 广西南宁 530001

收稿日期:2025-11-12 修回日期:2026-01-18 出版日期:2026-09-05 发布日期:2026-07-24
通讯作者: 欧桂宁(1999—), 男, 广西南宁人, 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所助理研究员。E-mail: aukwion@163.com
莫云川(1979—), 女(壮族), 广西宜州人, 广西大学实验师, 硕士。E-mail: myc20070076@163.com
基金资助:
广西自然科学基金面上项目(2024GXNSFAA010346,2025GXNSFAA069057);广西科技基地与人才专项(桂科AD20297144)

Effects of planting density on stem-leaf angle, yield and quality of differentcassava varieties

Luo Wenlan¹, Bei Liping¹, Liao Qianting¹, Li Guilong¹, Shen Zhangyou^2,3, Liang Qiongyue^1,3, Ou Guining^4*, Mo Yunchuan^1,3*, Wei Maogui^1,3

1. College of Agricultue, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China;
2. Economic Crop Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Guangxi 530007, China;
3. Guangxi Cassava Improved Variety Breeding Center, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China;
4. Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning Guangxi 530001, China

Received:2025-11-12 Revised:2026-01-18 Online:2026-09-05 Published:2026-07-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 茎叶夹角是木薯株型的重要组成部分,本文以大夹角木薯品种南植199(NZ199)、中等大小夹角品种华南205(SC205)和小夹角品种新选048(XX048)为材料,从表型及生理水平研究种植密度对木薯茎叶夹角及块根产量的影响。研究表明:1)与其他品种相比,NZ199茎叶夹角最大,中下部叶片披垂,节间较短,绿叶数较多;适度密植(16 815株/hm²)可使其叶片向上伸展,茎叶夹角减小,对密植具有更强的适应性和自我调节能力;随着种植密度的增加,其株高、节间距和叶面积指数均增大,茎粗、绿叶数和叶面积相应减小,在块根形成期和膨大期受密植影响更为明显。2)种植密度会影响木薯叶柄基部内源激素含量变化,其中叶柄基部脱落酸、生长素、赤霉素等内源激素含量与木薯茎叶夹角呈负相关关系,油菜素内酯含量则与之相反。3)随着种植密度的增加,不同品种各部位叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率均呈下降趋势,而收获期干物质产量、块根产量、总淀粉产量及非结构性糖产量则相应增加。NZ199上部和中部叶片的净光合速率及叶绿素含量在16 815株/hm²条件下仍维持较高水平,其块根和茎秆的淀粉含量显著高于其他品种。综上,本文从形态学及生理水平上解析种植密度对木薯株型、光合特性及块根产量和品质的影响,为提升不同株型木薯品种的生产潜力提供理论依据。

关键词: 木薯, 种植密度, 株型, 内源激素

Abstract: The stem-leaf angle (SLA) is a key component of cassava plant architecture. In this study, three cassava varieties with different SLAs were used as materials, including NANZHI199 (NZ199, large SLA), HUANAN205 (SC205, medium SLA), and XINXUAN 048 (XX048, small SLA). The effects of planting density on cassava SLA and storage root yield were investigated from the phenotypic and physiological levels. The results showed that: 1) NZ199 had the largest SLA among the three varieties. It also had drooping leaves in the middle and lower canopy, shorter internodes, and more green leaves. Under moderate dense planting (16 815 plants/hm²), its leaves turned upward and SLA decreased, indicating stronger adaptability and self-regulation under dense planting. As planting density increased, plant height, internode length and leaf area index (LAI) of NZ199 increased, whereas stem diameter, number of green leaves and leaf area decreased. NZ199 was greatly affected by dense planting during the storage root formation and expansion stages. 2) Planting density affected the changes in endogenous hormone contents at the base of cassava petioles. Among them, the contents of endogenous hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), auxin (IAA), and gibberellin (GA) at the petiole base were negatively correlated with the cassava SLA, while the trend of brassinolide (BR) content was the opposite. 3) Withthe increase of planting density,the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) of leaves at different positions in all varieties showed a decreasing trend. However, dry matter yield, storage root yield, total starch yield and non-structural sugar yield at harvest increased.The net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of the upper and middle leaves of NZ199 remained at a high level under the condition of 16 815 plants/hm².Its starch contents in storage roots and stems were significantly higher than those of SC205 and XX048. In conclusion, this study clarifies the effects of planting density on cassava plant architecture, photosynthetic characteristics, and storage root yield and quality from both morphological and physiological perspectives. These findings provide a theoretical basis for improving the production potential of cassava varieties with different plant architectures.

Key words: cassava, planting density, plant architecture, endogenous hormone

中图分类号: S533

骆文斓, 贝丽萍, 廖茜婷, 李贵龙, 申章佑, 梁琼月, 欧桂宁, 莫云川, 韦茂贵. 种植密度对不同木薯品种茎叶夹角及产量、品质的影响[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2026, 44(5): 205-223.

Luo Wenlan, Bei Liping, Liao Qianting, Li Guilong, Shen Zhangyou, Liang Qiongyue, Ou Guining, Mo Yunchuan, Wei Maogui. Effects of planting density on stem-leaf angle, yield and quality of differentcassava varieties[J]. Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2026, 44(5): 205-223.

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种植密度对不同木薯品种茎叶夹角及产量、品质的影响

Effects of planting density on stem-leaf angle, yield and quality of differentcassava varieties

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