应用同位素研究施秉下洞和木老唐洞的营养级

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 稳定δ¹³C和δ¹⁵N是研究生态系统中物质循环与能量流动的有效技术。δ¹³C值常用来分析消费者食物来源, δ¹⁵N 值常用来确定生物在食物网中的营养位置。本文利用稳定δ¹³C和δ¹⁵N对贵州省施秉下洞和木老唐洞进行营养级关系的研究,结果表明:施秉下洞和木老唐洞动物类群对δ¹³C和δ¹⁵N的富集都较明显,两洞对δ¹³C富集跨度分别为4.911 4‰和6.292 8‰,对δ¹⁵ N的富集跨度分别为6.687 0‰和5.056 0‰;但从总体来看,两生态系统中对δ¹³C的富集程度不稳定,而对δ¹⁵ N的富集程度较稳定,故通过利用δ¹⁵N值来评价营养级层次,得出两洞对δ¹⁵N的富集因子分别为2.808 0和2.420 0,其营养级层次均为三级:土壤有机质作为第一营养级,另外以土壤有机质为食的马陆类群和螺类、裸灶螽等处于第二营养级,蜘蛛类群、红点齿蟾和蝙蝠类群等处于第三营养级。

关键词: δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, 营养级, 施秉下洞, 木老唐洞, 贵州

Abstract: Stable δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N is a very effective technology used to research material circulation and energy flow in ecosystem. The δ¹³C value is commonly used for the analysis of consumer food source. The δ¹⁵N value is commonly used to determine the living creature position in the food web. Stable δ¹³C and δ¹⁵ N are used to to research the trophic level relationship of Guizhou Shibingxia cave and Mulaotang cave. The result showed that fauna enrichment on the δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N enrichment were obvious in Shibingxia cave and Mulaotang cave. Two caves enrichment spans on the δ¹³C (the difference between the maximum and minimum values) were 4.911 4‰ and 6.292 8 ‰ respectively and on the δ¹⁵N were 6.687 0‰ and 5.056 0‰. But on the whole, the two ecosystems enrichment on δ¹⁵N is much stable than on δ¹³C. So it is concluded that the two caves enrichment factors on the δ¹⁵N value are 2.808 0 and 2.420 0 respectively by using the level δ¹⁵ N value to evaluate the level of nutrition. The trophic levels have three levels. They are as follows. The first trophic level is soil organic matter. The second trophic level is Kronopolites sp., Gastroptychia sp. and Distrammena sp. which feed on soil organic matter. The third trophic level is Oreolalax rhodostigmatus, spiders and bats taxa.

Key words: δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, trophic leve, Shibingxia cave, Mulaotang cave, Guizhou,China

中图分类号:

Q958.1

韩康, 徐承香, 黎道洪, 郑传伟, 罗庆怀. 应用同位素研究施秉下洞和木老唐洞的营养级[J]. 广西师范大学学报（自然科学版）, 2014, 32(2): 154-161.

HAN Kang, XU Cheng-xiang, LI Dao-hong, ZHENG Chuan-wei, LUO Qing-huai. Trophic Relationships in Guizhou Shibingxia Cave and Mulaotang Cave by Means of Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotopes[J]. Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2014, 32(2): 154-161.

参考文献

[1] 易现锋, 张晓爱. 稳定性同位素技术在生态学上的应用[J]. 生态学杂志, 2005, 24(3): 306-314.
[2] BAKHOUM S A. Diet overlap of immigrant narrow-barred Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus commerson (Lac.,1802) and the largehead hairtail ribbonfish Trichiurus lepturus (L., 1758) in the Egyptian Mediterranean coast[J]. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 2007, 30(2): 147-160.
[3] FRY B, ARNOLD C. Rapid 13C/12C turnover during growth of brown shrimp (Penaeus aztecus)[J]. Oecologia, 1982, 54(2): 200-204.
[4] FARQUHAR G D, EHLERINGER J R, HUBICK K T. Carbon isotope discrimination and photosynthesis[J]. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 1989, 40(1): 503-537.
[5] BALASSE M. Reconstructing dietary and environmental history from enamel isotopic analysis: time resolution of intra-tooth sequential sampling[J]. International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, 2002, 12:155-165.
[6] SPONHEIMER M, LEE-THORP J A. Differential resource utilization by extant great apes and australopithecines: towards solving the C₄ conundrum[J]. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology-Part A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 2003, 136(1): 27-34.
[7] 易现峰, 张晓爱, 李来兴, 等. 高寒草甸生态系统食物链结构分析:来自稳定性碳同位素的证据[J]. 动物学研究, 2004, 25(1):1-6.
[8] 蔡德陵, 孟凡, 韩贻兵, 等. ¹³C/¹²C比值作为海洋生态系统食物网示踪剂的研究: 崂山湾水体生物食物网的营养关系[J]. 海洋与湖沼, 1999, 30(6): 671-678.
[9] 蔡德陵, 洪旭光, 毛兴华,等. 崂山湾潮间带食物网结构的碳稳定同位素初步研究[J].海洋学报, 2001,23(4): 41-47.
[10] 蔡德陵,王荣,毕洪生. 渤海生态系统的营养关系: 碳同位素研究的初步结果[J]. 生态学报, 2001, 21(8): 1359-1359.
[11] HOBSON K A. Tracing origins and migration of wildlife using stable isotopes: a review[J]. Oecologia, 1999, 120(3): 314-326.
[12] SCHELL D M, SAUPE S M. Feeding and growth as indicated by stable isotopes[J]. The Bowhead Whale, 1993(2): 491-509.
[13] 王建柱, 林光辉, 黄建辉, 等. 稳定同位素在陆地生态系统动-植物相互关系研究中的应用[J]. 科学通报, 2004, 49(21): 2141-2149.
[14] 蔡德陵, 张淑芳, 张经. 天然存在的碳氮稳定同位素在生态系统研究中的应用[J]. 质普学报, 2003, 24(3): 434-439.
[15] 宋大伟, 李明财, 李来兴, 等. 高寒草甸消费者种群稳定碳氮同位素组成的海拔分异[J]. 生态学杂志, 2007, 26(1): 40-45.
[16] 王玉玉, 于秀波, 张亮, 等. 应用碳、氮稳定同位素研究鄱阳湖枯水末期水生食物网结构[J]. 生态学报, 2009, 29(3): 1181-1188.
[17] 张丹, 闵庆文, 成升魁, 等. 应用碳/氮稳定同位素研究稻田多个物种共存的食物网结构和营养级关系[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(24): 6734-6740.
[18] JENNINGS S, PINNEGAR J K, POLUNIN N V C, et al. Weak cross-species relationships between body size and trophic level belie powerful size-based trophic structuring in fish communities[J]. Journal of Animal Ecology, 2001, 70(6): 934-944.
[19] 黎道洪, 苏晓梅. 应用稳定同位素研究广西东方洞食物网结构和营养级关系[J].生态学报, 2012, 32(11): 3497-3504.
[20] FRY B. Using stable isotopes to monitor watershed influences on aquatic trophodynamics[J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1999, 56(11): 2167-2171.
[21] HESSLEIN R H,HALLARD K A, RAMLAL P. Replacement of sulfur,carbon,and nitrogen in tissue ofgrowing broad whitefish (Coregonus nasus) in response to a change in diet traced by δ³⁴S, δ¹³C, and δ¹⁵N[J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1993, 50(10): 2071-2076.
[22] DENIRO M J, EPSTEIN S. Influence of diet on the distribution of nitrogen isotopes in animals[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1981, 45(3): 341-351.
[23] HILDERBRAND G V, FARLEY S D, ROBBINS C T, et al. Use of stable isotopes to determine diets of living and extinct bears[J]. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 1996, 74(11): 2080-2088.
[24] SZEPANSKI M M, BEN-DAVID M, VAN BALLENBERGHE V. Assessment of anadromous salmon resources in the diet of the Alexander Archipelago wolf using stable isotope analysis[J]. Oecologia, 1999, 120(3): 327-335.
[25] VANDER ZANDEN M J, CABANA G, RASMUSSEN J B. Comparing trophic position of freshwater fish calculated using stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ¹⁵N) and literature dietary data[J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1997, 54(5): 1142-1158.
[26] PETERSON B J,FRY B. Stable isotopes in ecosystem studies[J]. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics,1987,18(1) : 293-320.
[27] 黎道洪.贵州黑洞内一个食物链层次上的物质循环和能量流通探讨[J].贵州师范大学学报:自然科学版, 2008, 26(2): 1-4.
[28] DENIRO M J, EPSTEIN S. Influence of diet on the distribution of nitrogen isotopes in animals[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1981, 45(3): 341-351.
[29] EHLERINGER J R, FIELD C B, LIN Z, et al. Leaf carbon isotope and mineral composition in subtropical plants along an irradiance cline[J]. Oecologia, 1986, 70(4): 520-526.
[30] 苏晓梅. 应用稳定性同位素探讨洞穴生态系统食物网结构和营养级关系[D]. 贵阳:贵州师范大学, 2008.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed