广西师范大学学报（自然科学版） ›› 2019, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 32-41.doi: 10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2019.01.004

• 第二十四届全国信息检索学术会议专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于高层语义注意力机制的中文实体关系抽取

武文雅, 陈钰枫*, 徐金安, 张玉洁   

  1. 北京交通大学计算机与信息技术学院,北京100044
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-27 出版日期:2019-01-20 发布日期:2019-01-08
  • 通讯作者: 陈钰枫(1981—),女,福建南平人,北京交通大学副教授,博士。E-mail:chenyf@bjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(61473294,61370130);北京市自然基金(4172047);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2015JBM033)

High-level Semantic Attention-based Convolutional Neural Networks for Chinese Relation Extraction

WU Wenya,CHEN Yufeng*,XU Jin’an,ZHANG Yujie   

  1. School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
  • Received:2018-09-27 Online:2019-01-20 Published:2019-01-08

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摘要： 实体关系抽取在挖掘结构化事实的信息抽取系统中扮演着重要的角色。近年来,深度学习在关系抽取任务中取得了显著的成果,同时,注意力机制也逐步地融入到神经网络中,进一步提高了关系抽取的性能。但是,目前的注意力机制主要关注一些低层次的特征,比如词汇等。本文提出一种基于高层语义注意力机制的分段卷积神经网络模型(PCNN_HSATT,high-level semantic attention-based piecewise convolutional neural networks),该模型将注意力机制设置在分段最大池化层后,动态地关注了高层次的语义信息。除此之外,由于中文实体关系语料稀疏性较大,本文利用同义词词林对COAE2016语料进行增强以扩大数据规模。最后在COAE2016和ACE2005的中文语料上进行实验,F1值分别达到了78.41%和73.94%,与效果最好的SVM方法相比分别提高了10.45%和0.67%,这充分证明了PCNN_HSATT模型在中文关系抽取上的有效性。

关键词: 关系抽取, 卷积神经网络, 注意力机制, 数据增广, 依存句法约束

Abstract: Relation extraction is an important part of many information extraction systems that mines structured facts from texts. Recently, deep learning has achieved good results in relation extraction. Attention mechanism is also gradually applied to networks, which improves the performance of the task. However, the current attention mechanism is mainly applied to the basic features on the lexical level rather than the higher overall features. In order to obtain more information of high-level features for relation predicting, this paper proposes high-level semantic attention-based piecewise convolutional neural networks (PCNN_HSATT), which adds an attention layer after the piecewise max pooling layer in order to get significant information of sentence global features. Furthermore, this paper puts forward a data augmentation method by utilizing an external dictionary HIT IR-Lab Tongyici Cilin (Extended) to reply the sparse challenge in Chinese entity relation extraction corpus. Experimental results on COAE2016 and ACE2005 Chinese datasets are 78.41% and 73.94% respectively. Compared with the best existing method SVM, the results improve 10.45% and 0.67% respectively, which demonstrates that this approach is effective in Chinese entity relation extraction task.

Key words: relation extraction, convolutional neural networks, attention mechanism, data augmentation, dependency syntax constraint

中图分类号: 

  • TP391
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