种植密度对不同木薯品种茎叶夹角及产量、品质的影响

doi:10.16088/j.issn.1001-6600.2025111202

Abstract

Abstract: The stem-leaf angle (SLA) is a key component of cassava plant architecture. In this study, three cassava varieties with different SLAs were used as materials, including NANZHI199 (NZ199, large SLA), HUANAN205 (SC205, medium SLA), and XINXUAN 048 (XX048, small SLA). The effects of planting density on cassava SLA and storage root yield were investigated from the phenotypic and physiological levels. The results showed that: 1) NZ199 had the largest SLA among the three varieties. It also had drooping leaves in the middle and lower canopy, shorter internodes, and more green leaves. Under moderate dense planting (16 815 plants/hm²), its leaves turned upward and SLA decreased, indicating stronger adaptability and self-regulation under dense planting. As planting density increased, plant height, internode length and leaf area index (LAI) of NZ199 increased, whereas stem diameter, number of green leaves and leaf area decreased. NZ199 was greatly affected by dense planting during the storage root formation and expansion stages. 2) Planting density affected the changes in endogenous hormone contents at the base of cassava petioles. Among them, the contents of endogenous hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), auxin (IAA), and gibberellin (GA) at the petiole base were negatively correlated with the cassava SLA, while the trend of brassinolide (BR) content was the opposite. 3) Withthe increase of planting density,the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rate (Tr) of leaves at different positions in all varieties showed a decreasing trend. However, dry matter yield, storage root yield, total starch yield and non-structural sugar yield at harvest increased.The net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of the upper and middle leaves of NZ199 remained at a high level under the condition of 16 815 plants/hm².Its starch contents in storage roots and stems were significantly higher than those of SC205 and XX048. In conclusion, this study clarifies the effects of planting density on cassava plant architecture, photosynthetic characteristics, and storage root yield and quality from both morphological and physiological perspectives. These findings provide a theoretical basis for improving the production potential of cassava varieties with different plant architectures.

Key words: cassava, planting density, plant architecture, endogenous hormone

CLC Number: S533

Luo Wenlan, Bei Liping, Liao Qianting, Li Guilong, Shen Zhangyou, Liang Qiongyue, Ou Guining, Mo Yunchuan, Wei Maogui. Effects of planting density on stem-leaf angle, yield and quality of differentcassava varieties[J].Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2026, 44(5): 205-223.

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Effects of planting density on stem-leaf angle, yield and quality of differentcassava varieties

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